HEP Phenomenology·hep-ph

Thu·Aug 13, 2026Thursday·August 13, 2026

20 papers—10 primary·10 cross-listed

01
Anomalies in Hadronic $B$ Decays
Marianne Bouchard🇨🇦 · David London🇨🇦
The decays $B \to P P$ , where the pseudoscalar $P$ is a $π$ or $K$ , have been studied under the assumption of flavour SU(3) symmetry [SU(3) $_{F}$ ]. The global fit shows a 3.6 $σ$ discrepancy with the Standard Model (SM). Separate fits for $Δ S = 0$ and $Δ S = 1$ decays find parameter sets that differ by a factor of 10, suggesting 1000% SU(3) $_{F}$ breaking, significantly larger than the $\sim$ 30% breaking expected in the SM. This study has been extended to include final states with $η$ and $η^{'}$ mesons. The resulting global fit, once again under the assumption of SU(3) $_{F}$ symmetry, is worse, with a 4.1 $σ$ deviation from the SM. When theoretical constraints $∣ C / T ∣ = 0.2$ or $A = 0$ are imposed, the fits worsen, with the discrepancy approaching 5 $σ$ . These results hint at new-physics contributions to these decays.
hep-phhep-ex0 citations
02
Effective Lagrangians from functional matching
Stefan Dittmaier🇩🇪 · Sebastian Schuhmacher🇩🇪 · Maximilian Stahlhofen🇩🇪
We briefly review a variant of functional matching to derive an Effective Field Theory (EFT) for heavy particles at the one-loop level in the top-down approach. The method integrates out heavy fields that correspond to mass eigenstates, i.e. after removing mixing effects by diagonalizing mass matrices. Tree- and loop-level effects are separated by employing the background-field method, hard and soft modes are separated with the use of the expansion by regions. The method is exemplified for the Higgs Singlet Extension of the Standard Model where the mass $M_{H}$ of the additional Higgs boson is considered large, and the Higgs mixing angle $α$ is assumed to scale like $1/ M_{H}$ , in order to guarantee decoupling in the large- $M_{H}$ limit. Our calculation is agnostic w.r.t. the type (SMEFT vs. HEFT) of the emerging EFT. Eventually the emerging EFT Lagrangian can be transformed into SMEFT form, but only at the cost of introducing fermionic EFT operators, although no such operators are directly generated upon solving the functional integral over the heavy Higgs field.
hep-phhep-th0 citations
03
Particle Production, Equilibration, and Quantum Recurrences from Classical Fields
Iván Cuntín🇪🇸 · Wenyang Qian🇪🇸 · Bin Wu🇪🇸
We investigate particle production from classical fields, a phenomenon central to the pre-equilibrium dynamics of relativistic heavy-ion collisions and the reheating epoch of the early Universe. Using lattice $λ ϕ^{4}$ theory as a proof of principle, we show that this problem is naturally amenable to quantum computation, providing a first-principles framework for nonequilibrium quantum-field dynamics beyond existing approximations. We perform simulations on small spatial lattices, exhausting our available classical computational resources while maintaining a direct mapping to future quantum-computing implementations. We find that particle production is accompanied by equilibration of observables, including the field expectation value, occupation-number distribution, and pressure. The observed equilibration persists for timescales several times longer than the initial equilibration time before the observables resume oscillatory behavior associated with quantum Poincaré recurrences. Our results establish a route toward first-principles studies of equilibration in nonequilibrium quantum field theory and provide insight into the search for the smallest possible locally equilibrated quark-gluon systems at hadron colliders.
hep-phhep-latnucl-thquant-ph0 citations
04
How to Identify a Majoron: Effective Field Theories of Spontaneous Lepton Number Breaking
Carla Biggio🇮🇹 · Marta Fuentes Zamoro🇪🇸 · Xu Li🇮🇹 · Luca Merlo🇪🇸 · Luca Ottonello🇮🇹
We revisit the traditional Type I, II and III Seesaw mechanisms in the presence of a complex scalar field charged under a global $U (1)$ symmetry that can be identified with lepton number and the Peccei-Quinn symmetry. After symmetry breaking, the radial mode becomes heavy while the angular mode appears as an axion-like particle, traditionally dubbed the Majoron. We construct the effective field theory obtained after integrating out the heavy states and analyse two matching orders: first removing the radial mode and then the Seesaw fields, and vice versa. Both procedures yield the same low-energy Lagrangian containing only Standard Model fields and the Majoron. Because a single vacuum expectation value fixes the mediator masses, the radial mode and every Majoron coupling, these models predict relations among observables rather than their individual size, and it is these relations that are testable. Indeed, the invisible Higgs width is locked to the universal suppression of the Higgs couplings, while the Majoron-lepton coupling is fixed by the measured non-unitarity of the leptonic mixing matrix, and the two independently give comparable lower bounds on the same lepton-number breaking scale, of order $1$ - $10$ TeV. Neutrinoless double beta decay with Majoron emission, by contrast, has no sensitivity in this class of models. The framework is thus falsifiable even when the new states lie far beyond experimental reach.
hep-ph2 citations
05
Physics of the Electron-Ion Collider in China
Bo-Wen Xiao🇨🇳 · Yuxiang Zhao🇨🇳 · Jian Zhou🇨🇳
The Electron-Ion Collider in China (EicC), a cutting-edge facility under development, aims to unveil the internal structure of nucleons and nuclei by leveraging collisions of high-intensity polarized electrons and ions (polarized protons, polarized deuterons, polarized $^{3}$ He, and unpolarized heavy ions up to Uranium) at center-of-mass energies of 15-20 GeV and luminosity of (2-4) $\times 1 0^{33}$ cm $^{- 2}$ s $^{- 1}$ . Its primary physics objectives include 3D tomography of nucleon spin and momentum structure, fundamental questions regarding the origin of nucleon mass, partonic structure of nuclei and parton interactions with the nuclear environment, and exploration of exotic hadronic states. In this paper, we review the physics potential of the EicC and highlight its unique capabilities for advancing precision nucleon structure studies by combining its specialized kinematic coverage and high luminosity. Since traditional topics like 3D nucleon structure have already been well-covered by several extensive reviews, we have deliberately dedicated significant space to recent progress in nucleon mass decomposition, nucleon energy-energy correlation, quantum information, and artificial intelligence applications in high-energy nuclear physics, which have been emerging rapidly and attracted a tremendous amount of attention in the community.
hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPPNP(2026)·3 citations
06
The decay properties of two- and three- gluon glueballs
Wei-Han Tan🇨🇳 · Hua-Xing Chen🇨🇳 · Ding-Kun Lian🇨🇳 · Wen-Ying Liu🇨🇳
We previously studied the decay properties of two- and three-gluon glueballs using the Fierz rearrangement method and obtained their relative branching ratios in Ref.~\cite{Tan:2026uue}. In this work, we extend and develop this analysis by providing a more complete treatment of two-gluon glueball decays and by considering the tensor and pseudotensor states with $J^{P C} = 2^{++}$ and $2^{-+}$ . We also perform an independent QCD sum rule analysis of the $0^{++}$ two-gluon glueball decay. The consistency between the two approaches provides a useful check of the Fierz analysis. Our results support a sizable gluon component in the $f_{0} (1710)$ and favor the $0^{-+}$ glueball interpretation of the $η (2370)$ . For the tensor glueball, the vector--vector ( $V V$ ) decay channels, especially $K^{*} (892) K ˉ^{*} (892)$ , are found to be favorable for experimental searches. We also study three-gluon glueballs with $J^{P C} = 0^{++}$ and $1^{+-}$ and identify several potentially favorable three-meson decay channels, including $π π ω$ and $K K ˉ ϕ$ . These results provide possible guidance for future experimental searches for glueball states.
hep-ph1 citation
07
Higgs Mass and CP violating Phases Implications on the SUSY Breaking Scale in MSSM
Tarek Ibrahim🇪🇬 · Anas Zorik🇮🇶
The large Higgs mass $m_{h} \approx 125 G e V$ can raise the values of the SUSY breaking parameters in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model MSSM to the range of several TeV scale. The CP violating phases in the MSSM can induce EDMs of the fermions in the theory already in conflict with the current experimental upper limit unless the masses of the SUSY partners are on the heavy side. We invistigate the implications of both constraints, the Higgs Mass and the complete set of SUSY CP violating phases in the analysis of the electric dipole moments EDMs on the SUSY breaking parameters and thus on the SUSY mass spectrum. We use the electric dipole moments of the electron, the neutron and the proton as our probes in this study.
hep-ph0 citations
08
Dark sector radiation corrections to invisible dark photon production: beyond fixed order
Xiangyu Deng🇨🇳 · Yi Li🇨🇳 · Mengchao Zhang🇨🇳
In this work we study invisible dark photon production at electron-positron colliders in a dark Abelian Higgs model at NLO (next-to-leading-order), and the physical distribution of squared missing mass $M_{X}^{2}$ . We show that the fixed order correction to the total cross section for the process $e^{+} e^{-} \to γ A^{'}$ , with $A^{'}$ the dark photon, is infrared-safe, but the corresponding differential distribution of $M_{X}^{2}$ reveals a quasi-collinear $1/ M_{X}^{2}$ divergence when the masses of dark sector particles are much smaller than the hard scale. By using the Sudakov resummation method, we obtain an integrable, normalized distribution of $M_{X}^{2}$ , which is actually the ``jet mass'' of the dark photon branch. We also discuss how these dark sector corrections impact the invisible dark photon search at electron-positron colliders.
hep-ph0 citations
09
Photon emission from rotating plasmas: a generalized McLerran-Toimela formula and the onset of superradiance
Kirill Tuchin🇺🇸
The photon emission and absorption spectra of a plasma rotating with constant angular velocity $Ω$ are derived in terms of the spectral function of the current--current correlator. In contrast to the non-rotating case, the leading contribution arises already at one-loop order. The photon emission spectrum and its elliptic flow are calculated for a rotating quark--gluon plasma and compared with the leading two-loop result for a non-rotating plasma. The rotating plasma is found to emit significantly more soft photons than the non-rotating one. An analysis of the emission and absorption of cylindrical waves indicates that photons with energy $ω$ and azimuthal quantum number $m$ satisfying $ω < m Ω$ are emitted at a higher rate than they are absorbed, thereby exhibiting the phenomenon of superradiance. It is further argued that these superradiant modes induce an instability of the magnetic field that is generated concurrently with the plasma in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
hep-phnucl-th0 citations
10
The $D^{*} D^{*} π$ and $B^{*} B^{*} π$ couplings from light-cone sum rules
Chao Wang🇨🇳
We revisit the calculation of the strong couplings $D^{*} D^{*} π$ and $B^{*} B^{*} π$ from the light-cone sum rules (LCSR) using the pion light-cone distribution amplitudes. The accuracy of the underlying correlation function is upgraded by establishing the hard-collinear factorization formula at the leading power up to the next-to-leading order in $α_{s}$ . Furthermore, the next-to-leading power contributions are systematically incorporated at the leading order by evaluating the two-particle and three-particle higher-twist pion distribution amplitudes up to twist-4 accuracy. By matching the QCD-level spectral representations with the hadronic dispersion relations, we present a solid numerical analysis that accounts for the finite heavy quark masses and carefully evaluates the systematic uncertainty originating from the two-dimensional quark-hadron duality ansatz. We predict $g_{D^{*} D^{*} π} = 5.7 1_{- 0.53}^{+ 0.67} GeV^{- 1}$ and $g_{B^{*} B^{*} π} = 4.9 0_{- 0.44}^{+ 0.57} GeV^{- 1}$ . Finally, by parameterizing the $1/ m_{H}$ (with $H = D, B$ ) power corrections to extract the universal static coupling $g^= 0.30 \pm 0.04$ , we compare our results with previous theoretical determinations and experimental data, highlighting the significance of heavy quark spin symmetry breaking effects.
hep-ph1 citation
11
Radiative Signatures from Warp Drives Traveling Through the Earth's Atmosphere
Shaun David Brocus Fell · Abraham Loeb🇺🇸
We investigate the observable signatures of zero ADM mass warp drive spacetimes traversing Earth's atmosphere. Numerical simulations indicate that an aircraft-scale spacetime bubble moving at relativistic velocities would have a pronounced observational signature, where interaction with the atmosphere can produce luminosities exceeding one terawatt. The signature of a spacetime bubble at rest or moving at low velocity relative to the Earth would not generate such extreme luminosities. These results establish observational constraints on spacetime-based propulsion operating within the terrestrial environment and provide a framework for identifying potential high-velocity signatures. In particular, a warp drive traveling through the atmosphere at speeds exceeding approximately 10% of the speed of light would produce a unique brilliant glow.
↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-ph0 citations
12
Analytically Consistent Reconstruction of Finite Data Using Padé Sequences
Emerson Díaz · Balma Duch🇪🇸 · Pere Masjuan🇪🇸
Reconstructing the analytic structure of a function from finite datasets is a fundamental problem across theoretical, numerical, and experimental physics. While Padé approximants provide a natural framework, finite-information effects, as well as statistical and systematic uncertainties, may obscure the underlying analytic structure and limit reconstruction reliability. In this work, we reinterpret the appearance of Froissart doublets not merely as numerical artifacts but as \textit{diagnostic objects} carrying information about the analytic consistency of the input data. Accordingly, we develop a general Padé-based algorithm that exploits the dynamics of Froissart doublets along Padé sequences to identify localized inconsistencies and iteratively reconstruct the analytic structure most compatible with the data. The method requires no model for the origin of the inconsistencies and distinguishes genuine analytic features from spurious structures induced by finite-information effects. We validate it using Stieltjes functions, realistic pseudo-experimental datasets with statistical and systematic uncertainties, and general holomorphic functions. The complete algorithm is provided as a supplementary Mathematica notebook in an open GitLab repository.
↳ physics.data-anhep-exhep-lathep-ph0 citations
13
Full-Covariance Bayesian Inference of Stochastic Gravitational Wave Backgrounds with Time-Domain Simulations for Taiji-like Missions
Qingyuan Liang🇨🇳 · Ju Chen🇨🇳 · Minghui Du🇨🇳 · Huai-Ke Guo🇨🇳
For Taiji-like missions, we implement a Bayesian spectral inference framework that combines second-generation time-domain (TD) simulations of time-delay interferometry (TDI) with a frequency-domain (FD) spectral likelihood for stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) analyses. The $X,Y,Z$ Michelson streams generated with \trianglesim{} are divided into finite segments, Fourier transformed, and modeled with a segment-dependent complex $3\times3$ covariance matrix. For each segment we evaluate the orbit-dependent response functions and noise transfer functions, allowing unequal-arm and time-evolving effects to enter through the full $XYZ$ covariance. Controlled simulations performed with \trianglesim{} show that the calculated functions reproduce the realization-averaged spectra at the few-percent level over the retained frequency band away from TDI nulls. We then compare parameter-estimation results for static equal-arm FD, equal-arm TD, and unequal-arm TD configurations, using in each case a full $XYZ$-covariance likelihood matched to the corresponding detector configuration. All three yield consistent uncertainty trends and Bayesian-evidence diagnostics for astrophysical-background recovery after marginalizing over instrumental noise and an effective Galactic double-white-dwarf foreground. Finally, in a ten-parameter model containing instrumental noise, an effective Galactic double-white-dwarf foreground, a stochastic astrophysical background, and a sound-wave spectrum from a cosmological first-order phase transition, we recover its peak amplitude and frequency and find Bayesian evidence favoring its inclusion in all three matched configurations.
↳ astro-ph.IMgr-qchep-ph1 citation
14
Robust Quantum Machine Learning for Collider Event Selection under Detector Variability
Christopher Brown🇨🇭 · Michael Spannowsky🇩🇪 · Simon Williams🇬🇧
Robust machine-learning methods are becoming increasingly important for high-energy physics data analysis as experiments enter the era of higher luminosity and future higher-energy colliders. Detector degradation, changing running conditions and calibration drift can shift data distributions, causing models trained on clean reference samples to degrade after deployment. We investigate whether parameterised quantum models provide a useful inductive bias for robust collider-event selection in two complementary settings. In the unsupervised study, quantum autoencoders trained on background events are compared with classical and variational autoencoders for anomaly detection. In the supervised study, quantum classifiers with data reuploading are trained to distinguish a supersymmetric signal from background and are compared with linear and multilayer-perceptron classifiers. All models are trained under reference conditions and subsequently evaluated under controlled feature-level smearing while their parameters and preprocessing transformations are held fixed. On clean inputs, the quantum autoencoders achieve competitive anomaly-detection performance, including in the low-false-positive-rate regime relevant for triggering, while the deeper data-reuploading classifier attains discrimination comparable to the non-linear classical baseline. Under smearing, the quantum models generally exhibit smaller shifts in their output scores and retain their discrimination more effectively than the expressive classical baselines. These results suggest that parameterised quantum models can provide a useful robustness inductive bias for collider-event selection and motivate further studies with realistic detector systematics, finite-shot statistics and quantum-device noise.
↳ quant-phhep-exhep-ph1 citation
15
Constraints on ultralight bosons from merging binary and remnant black holes observed during the second and third parts of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration · the Virgo Collaboration · the KAGRA Collaboration: A. G. Abac · A. Abe · I. Abouelfettouh · F. Acernese · K. Ackley · A. Adam · S. Adhicary · D. Adhikari · R. X. Adhikari · V. K. Adkins and 1798 other authors
We present constraints on ultralight bosons using binary black hole mergers observed in the second and third parts of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run. Directed searches are conducted for long-transient gravitational waves from ultralight vector boson clouds around merger remnants, using a hidden-Markov-model (HMM) tracking scheme. We target the remnant black holes formed in the binary coalescences that produced GW250114 and GW250207. We find no evidence for such signals from either target. Estimating our search sensitivity at a threshold corresponding to a 1% false alarm probability, we thus disfavor vector boson masses in the range of $[2.80, 3.95] \times 1 0^{- 13}$ eV with greater than 90% confidence. In addition, we derive constraints on ultralight scalar and vector bosons from the inferred high spins of the constituent black holes in three binaries, using events GW240515, GW241113, and GW241225_08. The excluded mass ranges in this approach depend on the assumed black-hole ages. At $1 0^{5}$ years, corresponding to typical dynamically formed binaries, we exclude scalar and vector bosons in the ranges $[1.39, 6.94] \times 1 0^{- 13}$ eV and $[0.32, 14.4] \times 1 0^{- 13}$ eV at 90% confidence, respectively.
↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-ph1 citation
16
On-Shell Amplitudes and Black-Hole Perturbations: Exact Reissner-Nordström Mixing
Kento Takahara🇯🇵 · Teppei Kitahara🇯🇵
Can flat-space on-shell amplitudes determine the channel basis of a coupled black-hole perturbation problem? We address this question for electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations of a Reissner-Nordström (RN) black-hole. We organize the minimally coupled photon-graviton tree amplitudes off a heavy charged source into a $2 \times 2$ channel-space matrix and perform a parity-resolved Jacob-Wick partial-wave projection. For every radiative multipole $ℓ \geq 2$ and in both parity sectors, we show that the trace-free fixed-source partial-wave matrix is exactly proportional to the trace-free Moncrief coupling matrix, and therefore selects the same constant spectral projectors. Through a first-Born matching, the amplitudes determine the same eigenspaces in the leading $r^{- 3}$ weak-field potential, but not the complete radial potentials. Using the exact classical RN potentials as independent curved-background input, we show that these projectors persist throughout the full radial domain. We also explicitly retain finite-mass effects through $O (ω / m)$ , finding a nonvanishing commutator with the Moncrief coupling matrix, which shows that the RN-projector alignment is spoiled by genuine two-body recoil effects. As a first step toward rotation, we further extract the representation-independent linear-spin term from a minimally coupled Dirac amplitude. We find that the complete tree-level channel matrix factorizes with a single linear-spin dressing, while the formal $J = 2$ block fails to preserve the unchanged RN projectors. This restricted result does not constitute a test of Kerr-Newman separability, but it indicates that a rotating generalization must account for spin-induced angular-mode mixing. We expect that this on-shell method can be extended to more general long-range scattering systems with two asymptotic channels.
↳ hep-thgr-qchep-ph0 citations
17
Real-time topological rate at non-zero momentum in quenched QCD
Claudio Bonanno🇨🇭 · Massimo D'Elia🇮🇹 · Roberto Dionisio🇮🇹 · Giuseppe Gagliardi🇮🇹 · Andrea Giorgieri🇮🇹 · Francesco Sanfilippo🇮🇹 · Alessandra Valentino🇮🇹 · Giovanni Villadoro🇮🇹
We present a proof-of-concept numerical study of the real-time topological rate at non-zero momentum in quenched lattice QCD at a temperature $T ≃ 1.24 T_{c} ≃ 360$ MeV, as an important step toward the determination of this quantity in full QCD. Our strategy, already applied to compute the sphaleron rate in pure Yang--Mills and in full QCD, extracts the rate from the resolution of an appropriate inverse problem, solved applying the Hansen--Lupo--Tantalo (HLT) method to the thermal Euclidean time-correlator of the topological charge density. This method requires to control three different limits: continuum limit, limit of vanishing smearing width used in the HLT inverse problem resolution, and limit of vanishing smoothing radius used in the topological charge density correlator computation. Our lattice calculation is based on the standard Wilson discretization for the gauge action, and on three gauge ensembles with up to $N_{τ} = 16$ temporal points to achieve a controlled continuum limit. In all cases we employed an aspect ratio $L T = 4$ , which allowed us to compute the topological rate up to momenta as large as $p / T \sim 10$ .
↳ hep-lathep-phhep-th0 citations
18
Transport properties in binary neutron star mergers: Effect of magnetic field
Pranjal Tambe🇮🇳 · Debarati Chatterjee🇮🇳
In extreme environments such as binary neutron star mergers, temperatures as high as $50$ MeV and magnetic fields up to $1 0^{17}$ G, reach a regime where neutrino transport governs the macroscopic thermodynamic and chemical evolution. Existing merger simulations rely on zero magnetic field neutrino emissivity and opacity, potentially missing critical transport physics in highly magnetized neutron star cores. We present an exact framework for computing charged current Urca emissivity and neutrino opacity at finite temperature and magnetic field. We employ the Nucleon Width Approximation framework to account for the collisional broadening effects dominant in the high-density core. Our calculations demonstrate that extreme magnetic fields significantly enhance charged current neutrino opacity, effectively reducing the mean free path for thermal neutrinos.
↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-ph0 citations
19
Why There is No Memory Burden in Holographic Space-time Models of Black Hole Formation and Evaporation
T. Banks🇺🇸
Recent papers\cite{dvali} have claimed that general quantum information considerations put macroscopic constraints on the properties of large black holes, which can affect their lifetimes in cosmologically and astrophysically interesting ways. We examine black hole evaporation in Holographic Space Time (HST) models\cite{hstbh}, which appear to have the {\it memory burden} effect responsible for these deviations from semi-classical expectations, and explain why, in those models, no such effect exists. It is basically a consequence of Fermi's Golden Rule/The Principle of Detailed Balance, but depends crucially on both the definition of energy in HST models and the way in which causality is implemented.
↳ hep-thgr-qchep-ph0 citations
20
Measurement of the $ν ˉ_{μ} -$ Hydrogen Charged-Current Quasi-Elastic Cross Section using the NOvA Near Detector
NOvA Collaboration
We report a measurement of the total cross section for muon antineutrino charged-current quasi-elastic scattering on hydrogen, $ν ˉ_{μ} H \to μ^{+} n$ , in the NOvA near detector using a $1.2 \times 1 0^{21}$ proton-on-target exposure in the NuMI beam. A selection based on topological and kinematic constraints yields 35,509 signal events in the hydrogen-rich ( $10.8%$ ) detector, providing the highest statistics of (anti)neutrino--hydrogen interactions measured to date. Backgrounds from (anti)neutrino interactions on heavier nuclei are constrained using dedicated data control samples, significantly reducing the related systematic uncertainties. We obtain a value $σ (ν ˉ_{μ} H \to μ^{+} n) = 0.538 \pm 0.009 (stat) \pm 0.010 (syst) \pm 0.055 (flux) \times 1 0^{- 38}$ cm $^{2}$ for the total cross section at an average energy of 1.9 GeV, the most precise total cross-section measurement of this process to date. The combined statistical and non-flux systematic uncertainty is more than four times smaller than the flux uncertainty, allowing a future use of this measurement to constrain the absolute $ν ˉ_{μ}$ flux.
↳ hep-exhep-ph0 citations

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