HEP Phenomenology·hep-ph

Wed·Jul 15, 2026Wednesday·July 15, 2026

49 papers—27 primary·22 cross-listed

01
The next-to-leading order of the differential cross section of the subprocess of annihilation of quark-antiquark pair of prompt photon production in proton-proton collisions at NICA energies
Mohsun Rasim Alizada🇦🇿 · Azar Inshalla Ahmadov🇦🇿
Next-to-the leading order of the differential cross-section of the subprocess of annihilation of quark-antiquark pair $q\bar{q} \rightarrow g\gamma$ of prompt photon production in nonpolarized and longitudinally polarized proton-proton collisions at NICA energies has been investigated. Shown, that contribution of the next-to-leading order to the differential cross-section of annihilation of quark-antiquark pair $q\bar{q} \rightarrow g\gamma$ is significant at the high energies of colliding protons and consist around 15\% of leading order calculation. The influence of longitudinal polarization of colliding protons on the contributions of the next-to-leading order is more significant than, on the contributions of the leading order and it is significant at high energies of colliding protons. PYTHIA 8.316 \textbf{+} POWHEG BOX Monte Carlo (MC) event generator has been used for numerically simulation of prompt photon production in annihilation of quark-antiquark pair in NLO approximation for determination of the dependences of cross section on the sum of energies of colliding protons $\sqrt{s}$, transverse momentum $p_{T}$, cosine of scattering angle $Cos(\theta)$, rapidity y of photon and $x_{T}$. The NLO+PS simulation accurately reproduces the fundamental signatures of pQCD.
hep-ph0 citations
02
Bounds on axion-like particles from fully merged photons at the LHC
Simon Knapen🇺🇸
I show that, in the mass range $0.1 GeV < m_{a} < 6 GeV$ , the strongest current bound on axion-like particles (ALPs) coupled to photons comes from very high energy $aγ$ production at the LHC. In this regime, the two photons from the ALP decay are collimated and reconstructed as a single photon.
hep-ph0 citations
03
Minding the gap between hard and diffractive structure functions at the EIC
June-Haak Ee🇺🇸 · Christopher Lee🇺🇸 · Stella T. Schindler🇺🇸
Diffraction is characterized by forward scattering and a large rapidity gap. Ordinary hard scattering also produces gapped events and presents a significant background to identification of diffractively produced events. We present a fully differential factorization of gapped hard $e p$ scattering. We find that the unpolarized azimuthally-dependent structure functions $F_{3, 4}^{gap}$ and the longitudinal $F_{L}^{gap}$ vanish at leading power for hard scattering. Azimuthal dependence is thus a pure diffractive signature. This is borne out in Monte Carlo simulations.
hep-ph0 citations
04
An anomaly-free baryonic completion of the Standard Model
Karim Benakli🇫🇷 · Mark Goodsell🇫🇷 · Arno Goudeau🇫🇷
We construct an explicit anomaly-free completion of a gauged baryon-number symmetry. The new gauge factor is $U(1)_{\tilde B}$: when restricted to the Standard Model fields its charge ${\tilde B}$ coincides with ordinary baryon number, whereas in the full theory it becomes an extended baryonic symmetry acting on both the Standard Model and a secluded sector. We show that anomaly cancellation alone leaves a broad class of solutions, but that requiring consistent symmetry breaking, viable decays of the exotic states, the absence of stable coloured relics, a neutral dark matter candidate protected by a $Z_2^{\rm DM}$ parity, and improved high-scale gauge-coupling unification strongly constrains the structure of the model. These requirements necessitate enlarging the minimal secluded fermion sector by additional scalar fields and Yukawa interactions, giving rise to a light pseudoscalar that plays an important role in the dark matter phenomenology. We implement the resulting renormalisable model in SARAH and analyse its spectrum and phenomenology with SPheno, MicrOMEGAs, SModelS, and HiggsTools. We identify viable regions of parameter space containing a heavy baryonic Z', an even heavier secluded sector, a neutral dark matter candidate compatible with relic-density and direct-detection constraints, and improved gauge-coupling evolution relative to the Standard Model. In these regions, the relic abundance is determined either by co-annihilation with nearby secluded states or by annihilation into light pseudoscalars from the extended scalar sector.
hep-phhep-th0 citations
05
LHC Constraints on Resonant Kaluza-Klein Gravitons
Arturo de Giorgi🇬🇧 · Matteo Marcoli🇬🇧 · Federico Silvetti🇬🇧
The signature prediction of extra-dimensional theories is the appearance of a tower of massive gravitons. In this work, we study the constraints on resonant heavy spin-2 particles at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), with focus on the entire tower of gravitons, beyond the traditional single-resonance analysis. Since several states of the tower can lie within the same accessible mass window, the combined signal is enhanced, and the resulting constraints can be significantly stronger than those obtained from a single resonance alone. We first update the current constraints on single graviton searches stemming from diphoton and dilepton data from ATLAS and CMS, using datasets collected above $\sim 200 GeV$ , and then consider the impact on the bounds of the full tower of states for different extra-dimensional scenarios. This allows us to extend the reach of current searches to lower mass regions than typically considered, paving the way for future analyses by experimental collaborations.
hep-ph0 citations
06
Stochastic Tsunamis: Diffuse Scalar Background from Black Hole Formation
Arturo de Giorgi🇬🇧 · Joerg Jaeckel🇩🇪
Massive astrophysical objects can source huge static configurations of a scalar field. When such an object ends up forming a black hole, for instance, via a core-collapse supernova, the scalar field loses its source abruptly; then the static configuration becomes dynamical and propagates away in a burst, a "scalar tsunami". These bursts accumulate over cosmological history, forming a relic stochastic diffuse scalar background peaked in the $1 - 1 0^{3} Hz$ range. We propose this as a novel mechanism for the generation of such a background, compute its spectrum, and compare it with the sensitivity of future experiments. We show how this extends the experimental sensitivity to scalar masses $m_{ϕ} ≲ 1 0^{- 13} eV$ , ten orders of magnitude larger than those accessible via individual transient events previously considered.
hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qc0 citations
07
Decoherence and More Coherence in the Radiative Decay of the $Z$ Boson
Kun Cheng🇺🇸 · Tao Han🇺🇸 · Harman Singh · Youle Su🇺🇸
Final state radiation in collider processes can be interpreted as interactions with unobserved degrees of freedom and is often discussed within the context of decoherence of an entangled state. We consider the radiative decay of the $Z$ boson as a representative example and perform a detailed analytical study of the $τ^{-} τ^{+} γ$ spin state, as determined by the chiral interactions of the Standard Model, over the complete three-body phase space. We explore various quantum information observables to quantify how the $τ^{-} τ^{+}$ spin state changes with the photon radiation. We find some striking features, for example that the emitted photon could either lead to decoherence or monotonic enhancement of entanglement for the fermion pair.
hep-phhep-exquant-ph1 citation
08
How invisible can QCD axions be? From Supernova emission to Cherenkov signals
Luca Di Luzio🇮🇹 · Vincenzo Fiorentino🇮🇹 · Maurizio Giannotti🇪🇸 · Alessandro Lella🇮🇹 · Federico Mescia🇮🇹
We investigate the scenario of maximally invisible axions, namely QCD axions whose interactions with matter arise exclusively from the irreducible coupling to gluons responsible for solving the strong-CP problem. We first analyze the production of such axions in core-collapse supernovae. In particular, we derive the corresponding SN 1987A cooling constraint and compute the emission spectra for the dominant production channels, namely nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung and pion conversion. We then investigate the prospects for detecting maximally invisible axions in Cherenkov detectors, with the goal of establishing a robust lower bound on the overall detectability of QCD axions.
hep-phastro-ph.CO0 citations
09
Scrutinizing the Mass Matrices in Three-Higgs-Doublet Models with Generalized CP Symmetries
Duarte D. Correia🇵🇹 · Jorge C. Romao🇵🇹 · Joao P. Silva🇵🇹
We investigate three-Higgs-doublet models with a softly broken generalized CP (GCP) symmetry, focusing on the Yukawa sector and its compatibility with quark flavor data. We first show that the 40 GCP-symmetric models previously identified are not all physically distinct, by constructing the basis transformations relating equivalent realizations and identifying spurious parameters. We then perform numerical fits to the six quark masses and the four independent parameters of the Cabibbo--Kobayashi--Maskawa matrix, further reducing the set of viable models. In contrast to the GCP-symmetric two-Higgs-doublet case, we find that GCP-symmetric three-Higgs-doublet models can successfully reproduce all quark masses and mixings. In total, 22 inequivalent models are compatible with current experimental data, and representative benchmark points are presented. Our results establish softly broken GCP-symmetric three-Higgs-doublet models as phenomenologically viable extensions of the Standard Model and provide a framework for further studies of their flavor phenomenology.
hep-ph0 citations
10
Three-Loop QCD Corrections to Scattering Amplitudes of a Higgs Boson and Three Partons
Xin Guan🇺🇸 · Bernhard Mistlberger🇺🇸 · Michael S. Ruf🇺🇸
We present helicity amplitudes at three loops in the heavy-top quark effective theory of QCD for the scattering of a Higgs boson and three light partons with full-color dependence. To obtain these results, we use integration-by-parts identities implemented in the code Blade and evaluate the master integrals using canonical differential equations. We obtain compact analytic expressions in terms of generalized polylogarithms suitable for numerical evaluation. We observe that sub-leading color contributions at three loops are numerically as significant as leading-color terms. Our amplitudes are key ingredients for precision LHC phenomenology, for example in production cross sections involving a Higgs boson and a hadronic jet.
hep-phhep-th1 citation
11
The Role of Symmetries in Dark Matter Detector Design
Benjamin Lillard🇺🇸 · Jack D. Shergold🇬🇧 · Juri Smirnov🇬🇧
Anisotropic materials have emerged as promising candidates for the next generation of sub-GeV dark matter direct detection experiments, because their intrinsic directionality gives rise to a daily modulation signal as the detector rotates with respect to a dark matter wind. Predicting the shape of the modulation signal requires knowledge of the electronic excited states: however, we show that the amplitude of the modulation can be estimated using only the symmetries of the material. By decomposing the finite momentum dark matter--electron scattering form factor into spherical harmonics, we show that the 230 crystallographic space groups collapse to just 5 classes, distinguished by their suppression of the quadrupole modes of the squared form factor. We apply our symmetry-projection framework to the special case of molecular crystals, and derive an accurate group-theoretic estimator for the loss of daily modulation signal due to crystallisation, which depends only on the symmetries and relative orientations of the molecules within the crystal. Finally, we demonstrate that these estimates are linearly proportional to the absolute magnitude of the modulation signal, allowing us to rank molecular crystals without the need for expensive electronic structure calculations. Together, these results provide a fast and interpretable route to large-scale screening of anisotropic materials for directional dark matter detection.
hep-ph1 citation
12
Static-Recoil Factorization in Heavy-Baryon Chiral EFTs
Ziyu Dong🇮🇹 · Teng Ma🇨🇳 · Chengjie Yang🇨🇳 · Zizheng Zhou🇨🇳
Extending heavy-baryon $\chi$PT to higher-spin resonances introduces unphysical lower-spin admixtures, leading to costly path-integral projections. To resolve this, we develop an on-shell implementation of the heavy-baryon expansion based on recoil-channel partial-wave eigenoperators. These eigenoperators separate the static mass dependence from recoil structures and assign chiral order directly in amplitude space. The resulting static--recoil factorization systematically generates non-redundant local operators for heavy-baryon sectors involving higher-spin resonances. Flavor structures and identical-particle constraints are imposed through a new linear-algebraic reduction that uses von Neumann alternating projections to extract the corresponding common physical subspace. Beyond this specific application, the framework can be broadly applied to general nonrelativistic effective field theories.
hep-phhep-th0 citations
13
Constraining the real singlet extension of the Standard Model: implications for vacuum stability
Moritz Bosse🇩🇪 · Gudrun Hiller🇩🇪 · Daniel Litim🇬🇧 · Fabio Maltoni🇧🇪 · Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf🇨🇳 · Simone Tentori🇧🇪 · Guotao Xia🇨🇳
Amongst the simplest extensions of the Standard Model is the addition of a real singlet scalar field with profound phenomenological consequences. The singlet can catalyze a strong first-order electroweak phase transition, necessary for successful electroweak baryogenesis. Furthermore, the current prediction of a metastable Higgs vacuum can be lifted towards absolute stability. While current data mainly constrain the scalar mixing angle, future measurements of the Higgs self-coupling and direct searches for additional scalar states will probe much larger parts of the viable parameter space. We report on a combined study of theoretical and experimental constraints on the real singlet extension, highlighting here in particular its implications for vacuum stability.
hep-ph0 citations
14
Using $γ$ +jets to quantify medium-induced jet broadening in heavy-ion collisions
Ankita Budhraja🇳🇱 · Marco van Leeuwen🇳🇱 · Wouter Waalewijn🇳🇱
The structure of jets produced in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions carries information on parton energy loss and interaction in the quark-gluon plasma. This parton energy loss results in migration of jets in terms of transverse momentum, leading to a selection bias in inclusive jet measurements. Using the JEWEL event generator, we investigate a strategy to reduce selection bias and access medium-induced jet broadening, in an experimentally viable way. As a baseline, we first consider large-R $γ$ +jet events, with little selection bias, which show a clear signal of medium-induced broadening in the jet girth. However, large-R is experimentally inaccessible due to the large underlying event fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions, so we re-cluster a collection of small-radius ( $r_{sub}$ = 0.2) jets as a proxy for the large-radius (R = 1.2) jet, which we refer to as a trimmed jet. We quantify to what extent trimmed jets recover signals of jet broadening and investigate its dependence on the subjet cone size and the minimum transverse momentum. We study the internal structure of the subjets to expose the dependence of jet quenching on different subjet configurations, finding a strong narrowing of PbPb jets for the 1-subjet configurations, and a visible signature of medium-induced broadening for sub-leading subjets. The jet radial profile reveals that contributions from medium-induced broadening are distinct from radiation in pp collisions. These contributions are not easily recovered using our trimming procedure, but are substantially enhanced in single-subjet configurations when considering the profile \emph{beyond} the subjet radius. This provides guidance for future experimental studies of jet-medium interactions using $γ$ +jet in heavy-ion collisions.
hep-phnucl-th0 citations
15
Probing the X(3700) through two-photon $D D ˉ$ production in ultraperipheral collisions and at the EIC
F.C. Sobrinho🇧🇷 · F.S. Navarra🇧🇷 · K.P. Khemchandani🇧🇷 · A. Martínez Torres🇧🇷
We investigate whether photon-induced production in ultraperipheral heavy-ion collisions and at the EIC can provide a new environment to search for the scalar $D D ˉ$ molecular candidate usually denoted as $X (3700)$ . We calculate the tree-level amplitudes for $γ γ \to D^{+} D^{-}$ and $γ γ \to D^{0} D^{0} ˉ$ , dress the outgoing pair with a coupled-channel Bethe-Salpeter interaction in the $(D^{+} D^{-}, D^{0} D^{0} ˉ)$ basis, and convolute the resulting subprocess cross sections with equivalent-photon spectra. In the adopted two-channel scenario the analytic continuation of the $T$ -matrix gives a bound state at $M_{X} = 3.7162$ ~GeV, which is below the $D^{0} D^{0} ˉ$ threshold. As a consequence of this, the observed signal in the continuum is not simply an isolated narrow peak, and a characteristic near-threshold line-shape distortion is produced: around $3.70 \leq W \leq 3.85$ ~GeV the integrated dressed-to-bare ratios are $(13.71, 0.35)$ in Pb-Pb UPCs and $(13.74, 0.35)$ in $e$ -Au collisions for $(D^{+} D^{-}, D^{0} D^{0} ˉ)$ . Using the BABAR-fitted central normalization $K_{dressed} = 0.382$ , the corresponding dressed cross sections are $(24.6, 14.6) μ b$ in Pb-Pb UPCs and $(2.41, 1.43) nb$ at the EIC. The charged-to-neutral ratios are directly accessible observables, whereas the dressed-to-bare ratios provide theoretical diagnostics of the final-state interaction. The near-threshold features are controlled by the common $γ γ \to D D ˉ$ dynamics and are rather independent of the external photon source.
hep-ph1 citation
16
Back-to-back dijet production in DIS at arbitrary Bjorken-x: TMD quark distributions to twist-3 accuracy
Swagato Mukherjee🇺🇸 · Vladimir.V.Skokov🇺🇸 · Andrey Tarasov🇺🇸 · Shaswat Tiwari🇺🇸 · Fei Yao🇺🇸
We study the contributions of target quark background to quark-gluon and quark-antiquark dijet productions cross sections in deep inelastic scattering (DIS) at arbitrary Bjorken- $x$ . Using the background-field method, we organize the leading-order dijet production cross section in terms of bilocal quark and trilocal quark--gluon--quark correlators. The former provides the contributions of the leading-twist as well as the kinematical and dynamical twist-three quark transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) distributions, while the latter encode contributions of the dynamical twist-three TMD distributions. {Together with the gluon distributions derived in Ref.~\cite{Mukherjee:2026cte}}, these results provide the complete leading-order cross section for back-to-back dijet production in DIS at arbitrary Bjorken- $x$ to twist-three accuracy. This theoretical framework extends the TMD description of the process beyond the small- $x$ eikonal regime and provides the necessary tools for analyzing data from the future Electron--Ion Collider.
hep-ph2 citations
17
Measuring Ultralight-Axion Coherence with Galaxy Polarization Correlations
Yasuo Doi🇯🇵
Ultralight axion-like particles coupled to photons rotate the linear polarization of distant sources. We propose using the three-dimensional two-point correlation of galaxy polarization-rotation angles to measure not only the amplitude of this birefringence field but also its spatial coherence scale. For a nonrelativistic ALP component with an isotropic Gaussian velocity distribution, the equal-time field correlation has an $e^{- 1}$ scale $L_{G}^{phys} = 6 / (m_{a} v_{a})$ , where $v_{a}$ is the three-dimensional rms ALP velocity dispersion. A detected turnover in the galaxy-pair correlation therefore measures the characteristic momentum scale $m_{a} v_{a}$ , while the correlation amplitude constrains $g_{aγ} Ω_{a} / Ω_{DM}$ . For a fiducial survey with $1 0^{6}$ polarized galaxies over a quarter of the sky to $z = 2$ and effective per-galaxy scatter $σ_{tot} = 1 0^{\circ}$ , we find $5 σ$ sensitivity to sub-degree correlated rotations over $m_{a} (1 0^{- 3} c / v_{a}) \sim 1 0^{- 29}$ -- $1 0^{- 27} eV$ , with $σ [lo g_{10} (m_{a} v_{a})] ≲ 0.1$ for detected signals across much of this range. This provides a geometric late-time probe complementary to CMB birefringence and structure-formation constraints.
hep-phastro-ph.CO0 citations
18
Neutrino superradiance constraint on asteroid-mass PBH Dark Matter and beyond
Yi-Xuan Lin🇹🇼 · Priyanka Sarmah🇹🇼 · Martin Spinrath🇹🇼
Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are an attractive candidate for Dark Matter (DM) and there has been extensive experimental efforts to look for them. The asteroid-mass window, $M_{PBH} \sim 1 0^{17} - 1 0^{23}$ g, is particularly interesting, since PBHs in this range may still constitute all of DM. In this work, we study a scenario in which rotating PBHs are surrounded by superradiantly produced boson clouds that emit an approximately steady and nearly monochromatic flux of neutrinos in the few MeV range. We compute both the Galactic and extragalactic neutrino fluxes from such PBH populations and compare them with existing low-energy antineutrino limits from Borexino, KamLAND, and Super-Kamiokande. For scalar bosons, we find that these neutrino searches can strongly constrain a significant part of the asteroid-mass window and extend to somewhat larger masses. For instance, for rapidly rotating PBHs with spin ã = 0.9 and gravitational fine-structure coupling $α_{g} = 0.25$ , the strongest bound on dark matter fraction reaches approximately $f_{PBH} \sim 1 0^{- 7}$ around $M_{PBH} \sim 2 \times 1 0^{22}$ g for a Yukawa coupling $g_{ν ϕ} = 1 0^{- 4}$ . These constraints can be significantly stronger than existing microlensing limits in the same mass range. Our results provide a complementary neutrino probe of PBH DM, distinct from previous neutrino constraints based mainly on Hawking evaporation from lighter PBHs.
hep-phastro-ph.CO1 citation
19
CP violation induced by the real part of the interference term in $ρ^{0} - ω$ mixing
Jin-Zhao Guo🇨🇳 · Gang Lü🇨🇳 · Zhen-Hua Zhang🇨🇳
To circumvent the severe numerical cancellations in the standard integrated CP asymmetry ( $A_{C P}$ ) near the $ω$ mass $m_{ω}$ , we propose a modified CP-violating observable, $A_{C P}^{ℜ}$ , which explicitly highlights the contribution of the real part of the interference term. Subsequently, we employ the three-body hadronic decay $B^{-} \to π^{+} π^{-} π^{-}$ within the Perturbative QCD (PQCD) approach as a primary case study to validate this theoretical framework. Furthermore, this method naturally eliminates the smooth, sign-preserving continuum background originating from broad scalar resonances like the $f_{0} (500)$ . This generalized framework provides clean and robust theoretical guidance for recovering localized CP-violation signals that might otherwise be masked by coarse experimental binning at future high-luminosity colliders.
hep-phPRD(2026)·0 citations
20
High Energy Evolution of Dipole Gluon Distribution Beyond Eikonal Approximation
Ming Li🇺🇸
At high energy, the dipole gluon distribution is described at eikonal order by the Wilson-line dipole correlator, whose high-energy evolution is governed by the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation. Going beyond the eikonal approximation, we identify the subeikonal operator representing the dipole gluon distribution, consisting of a Wilson line with a single insertion of the light-cone chromoelectric field, and derive its high-energy evolution equation in the large- $N_{c}$ limit under the single-logarithmic approximation. The resulting nonlinear evolution is coupled to the Wilson-line dipole correlator and incorporates gluon saturation effects. In the dilute limit, the subeikonal distribution grows as a power-law of the energy with exponent $α_{s} N_{c} /2 π$ , less than one fifth of the eikonal value, while in the saturation regime it obeys the same Levin--Tuchin law as the eikonal correlator. These results constitute the first closed nonlinear evolution equation for the dipole gluon distribution at subeikonal order, a step toward precision small- $x$ phenomenology and toward connecting small- $x$ physics with the moderate- $x$ dynamics.
hep-ph2 citations
21
Thermo-electric transport in non-extensive QCD matter in presence of magnetic field
Lateef Ahmad Wani🇸🇦 · Salman Ahamad Khan🇮🇳
We investigate the thermo-electric response of a magnetized non-extensive quark-gluon plasma within the framework of kinetic theory using the relaxation time approximation (RTA). The interactions among the partons are incorporated through a quasi-particle model, where the medium-dependent quark mass is obtained from the poles of the resummed hard-thermal-loop (HTL) propagator. Our results show that non-extensive effects suppress the Seebeck coefficient both in the absence and in the presence of an external magnetic field. In contrast, the Nernst coefficient, which arises only in the presence of a magnetic field, is found to be significantly enhanced by non-extensivity. These findings demonstrate that deviations from equilibrium can substantially modify the thermo-electric transport properties of the quark gluon plasma.
hep-ph0 citations
22
Signatures of $X_{17}$ through Coherent Elastic Solar Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering in Direct Detection Searches
M. F. Mustamin🇹🇷 · M. Demirci🇹🇷 · M. Deniz🇹🇷
The $X_{17}$ particle has been proposed to explain the invariant mass anomalies observed in electron-positron pairs during nuclear transitions at the Atomki experiment. Motivated by recent observations of $^{8}$ B solar neutrinos induced coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE $ν$ NS), we present the first comprehensive analysis of the hypothetical boson using data from multi-ton dark matter direct detection facilities. We consider the new particle as a light $Z^{'}$ mediator arising from a spontaneously broken $U (1)^{'}$ symmetry, featuring both vector and axial-vector couplings to leptons. By evaluating the latest datasets from XENONnT, PandaX-4T, and LUX-ZEPLIN, we derive stringent limits on the effective vector coupling utilizing marginalization procedures. Our global analysis provides competitive constraints that meaningfully narrow the allowed parameter space of the model, while exhibiting a clear sensitivity to the tau-flavor coupling.
hep-ph0 citations
23
Interpreting the Newly Observed $Ξ (1720)$ State in the Spin- $\frac{3}{2}$ $Ξ$ Spectrum
K. Azizi🇮🇷 · Y. Sarac🇹🇷 · H. Sundu🇹🇷
We analyze the low lying spin- $\frac{3}{2}$ $Ξ$ spectrum by means of the two point QCD sum rule approach. The analysis is motivated by the BESIII observation of the $Ξ (1720)$ resonance, reported with mass $1721.0 \pm 5. 2_{stat.} \pm 3. 4_{syst.} MeV$ and favored quantum numbers $J^{P} = \frac{3}{2}^{+}$ . In this framework, we include the $1 S$ , $1 P$ , $2 S$ and $2 P$ configurations as possible low lying spin- $\frac{3}{2}$ cascade states. The extracted masses are $1527.53 \pm 111.38 MeV$ , $1615.30 \pm 50.98 MeV$ , $1727.52 \pm 42.39 MeV$ and $1803.71 \pm 64.50 MeV$ for the $1 S$ , $1 P$ , $2 S$ and $2 P$ states, respectively. The mass obtained for the $2 S$ configuration agrees with the BESIII value within uncertainties and favors the assignment of $Ξ (1720)$ as the first radial spin- $\frac{3}{2}$ excitation of the $Ξ$ baryon.
hep-phhep-exhep-lat0 citations
24
Physically Consistent Parameter Inference: Transparent Machine Learning Emulation in High Energy Physics and Cosmology
Jorge Alda🇮🇹 · Jacobo Asorey🇪🇸 · Alejandro Mir🇪🇸 · Siannah Peñaranda🇪🇸
Global fits in high energy physics and cosmology often face the challenge of exploring high-dimensional parameter spaces with computationally expensive or topologically complex likelihood functions. In this work, we present a Machine Learning framework designed to emulate complex, often non-Gaussian likelihood landscapes using gradient-boosted regression trees (XGBoost). We discuss the advantages of the Machine Learning approach in terms of computational efficiency and the resolution of confidence regions, particularly in scenarios with complex correlations or "curved" degeneracies. We validate this methodology by applying it to a recent analysis on flavour anomalies in semileptonic $B$ meson decays and discussing the adaptability of this framework to other phenomenological systems, such as axion-like particles or cosmology global fits. Finally, we utilise SHAP (Shapley Additive exPlanations) values to provide a transparent analysis of feature importance, ensuring that the Machine Learning predictions remain physically interpretable and consistent with the underlying physics.
hep-phcs.LGUniverse(2026)·1 citation
25
Angular distribution of $Λ_{c}^{+} \to Λ_{1405/1520}^{*} (\to Σ π) ℓ^{+} ν_{ℓ}$ and implications for form factors
Kaiwen Chen🇨🇳 · Zhi-Peng Xing🇨🇳 · Xudong Yu🇨🇳 · Ruilin Zhu🇨🇳
We study the cascade semileptonic decay $Λ_{c}^{+} \to Λ_{1405/1520}^{*} (\to Σ π) ℓ^{+} ν_{ℓ}$ using the helicity amplitude formalism, and derive the full four-body angular distribution. The contributions from the spin- $1/2$ and spin- $3/2$ intermediate resonances, their interference effects, and the corresponding angular coefficients are obtained explicitly. Using available form-factor inputs, we provide numerical predictions for the invariant-mass distribution, helicity-angle distributions, and angular asymmetries. Based on these observables, we discuss strategies for extracting the relevant form factors and analyze the sensitivity of the angular observables to variations in the form factors. Finally, we investigate the strong phases in the $Λ_{c}^{+} \to Λ^{*}$ form factors and discuss how the strong-phase difference can be extracted from the angular distribution. Our results offer useful theoretical guidance for future experimental analyses.
hep-ph0 citations
26
Hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to $a_{μ}$ from functional methods with strong and electromagnetic isospin breaking
Angel S. Miramontes🇪🇸 · Adnan Bashir🇪🇸 · Christian S. Fischer🇩🇪 · Pablo Roig🇲🇽
We present a continuum-QCD determination of the leading-order hadronic vacuum-polarization contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon within the Dyson-Schwinger and Bethe-Salpeter equation framework. The calculation incorporates pion back-reaction, a fully dressed quark-photon vertex with a dynamically generated $ρ$ -resonance structure in the timelike region, and both strong and electromagnetic isospin breaking treated self-consistently at the quark level. We obtain $a_{μ}^{HVP, LO} (u + d + s + c) ∣_{ISB} = 709.7 \times 1 0^{- 10}$ , in good agreement with recent lattice-QCD determinations, and find an isospin-breaking shift of $Δ a_{μ}^{HVP, LO} = 4.5 \times 1 0^{- 10}$ ( $0.6%$ ), demonstrating that isospin-breaking effects, while quantitatively modest, are not negligible. Including the bottom-quark contribution and an indicative estimate of the systematic uncertainties, we obtain our final result, $a_{μ}^{HVP, LO} (u + d + s + c + b) ∣_{ISB} = (710.0 \pm 14.5) \times 1 0^{- 10}$ .
hep-phhep-latnucl-th0 citations
27
Naturally quality-safe GeV axion with charm coupling
Bo-Qiang Lu🇨🇳
The GeV-scale QCD axion -- where Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry is broken by the QCD condensate at $f_{a} \sim O (1)$ ~GeV -- faces a structural isospin problem: the PQ spurion coupling to light quarks ( $u, d, s$ ) breaks $SU (2)$ isospin, generating an unacceptable $\sim 15%$ $π^{0}$ -- $π^{\pm}$ mass splitting. We show that coupling the PQ scalar to the charm quark instead eliminates this violation entirely, and lowering $m_{ϕ} \sim 3$ -- $4$ ~MeV makes the charm Yukawa $κ_{c} \propto m_{ϕ}$ perturbative ( $κ_{c} < 1$ ). The resulting $f_{a} \sim GeV ≪ M_{Pl}$ solves the axion quality problem: even the lowest-dimension $d = 6$ Planck-suppressed operator gives $m_{PQ} / m_{a} \sim 1 0^{- 14}$ , without any additional symmetry. The model predicts a distinctive {\it negative} $Δ N_{eff} \sim - 0.1$ for $m_{ϕ} \sim 3$ ~MeV, testable by CMB-S4. The $B \to K σ$ penguin predicts $BR \sim 2 \times 1 0^{- 5}$ , consistent with the Belle~II evidence for $B^{+} \to K^{+} ν ν ˉ$ at $(2.3 \pm 0.7) \times 1 0^{- 5}$ ~\cite{BelleII:2024knv}. All ten classes of experimental, astrophysical, and cosmological constraints are satisfied in the viable window $m_{ϕ} \sim 3$ -- $4$ ~MeV, with the $B_{s}$ mixing constraint pending a dedicated lattice calculation.
hep-phgr-qchep-exhep-th1 citation
28
Jordan Pair Quantum Theory and the Standard Model
John C. Baez🇬🇧 · Endre Bokor🇬🇧 · Latham Boyle🇬🇧
Jordan pairs and hermitian Jordan triples were discovered by mathematicians studying Jordan algebras, which describe the possible algebras of observables in quantum mechanics. We point out a striking correspondence between the doubly exceptional hermitian Jordan triple (the so-called ``bi-Cayley'' triple) and the structure of the Standard Model of particle physics. We also point out how ordinary quantum mechanics may be reformulated, and generalized, using hermitian Jordan triples.
↳ math-phhep-phhep-thmath.MP+10 citations
29
A Universal Distribution of Dark Matter in Milky Way-like galaxies and How to Infer It
Sam Cheng-Tse Huang · Matthew R. Buckley🇺🇸 · Justin I. Read🇬🇧 · David Shih🇺🇸
The phase-space density of dark matter within the Milky Way is a key quantity that encodes information about the nature of the dark sector. The local phase-space density is also required to properly interpret the results of dark matter direct detection experiments. However, there are at present few observational constraints. In this paper, we show that a simple coordinate transformation reveals a near-universal DM phase-space distribution function among three independent suites of cosmological simulations of Milky Way-mass galaxies. We provide evidence for this with plots of kinematic features as well as machine learning-based classifiers that are sensitive to all of the correlations in the full multivariate phase space. Deviations from universality are found only at extremes of galactic radius and/or velocity, and in one simulation that has a prominent accreted dark disc. We further show that the parameters for the coordinate transformation can be inferred from metal poor stars ( $lo g_{10} [Fe / H] < - 2$ ). These stars also contain signatures of the dark disk, allowing the existence of such a structure to be inferred from observation. Finally, we construct a model of this universal phase-space distribution using a normalizing flow, trained on the standardized phase-space across simulations. We will apply our method to survey data from Gaia and SDSS in a forthcoming work.
↳ astro-ph.GAhep-ph0 citations
30
The Limitations of Cosmological Collider Analyses
Oliver H. E. Philcox🇺🇸
Massive fields exchanged during inflation source cosmological collider features in the correlators of primordial curvature fluctuations. While their structure is fixed by the symmetries of inflation, the amplitude of such signatures is a priori unknown, though bounded by physical principles such as unitarity. We assess the observational viability of the scalar cosmological collider by combining precise numerical predictions derived using CosmoFlow with observational data from Planck bispectrum reconstructions. Working in the limit of weak quadratic mixing between the Goldstone and scalar sectors (as assumed by all previous searches), we find that perturbativity restricts the collider signals to be unobservably small, except for double- and triple-exchange configurations at low masses. Larger bispectra can be generated by increasing the mixing to non-perturbative (but still unitary) values: however, this distorts the signal, damping its amplitude and shifting the collider oscillations. Furthermore, strong mixing breaks the factorization of the bispectrum into a free amplitude and a fixed shape, and complicates both theoretical predictions and observational searches. Despite the challenges, we argue that strong mixing analyses are necessary to obtain meaningful constraints on the scalar cosmological collider from current and upcoming datasets.
↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-exhep-ph+15 citations
31
Evolution of Binaries Under Stochastic Perturbations
Andrea Caputo🇨🇭 · Giovanni Maria Tomaselli🇺🇸 · Chris Hamilton🇺🇸
We develop a general Fokker-Planck framework describing the dynamical evolution of Keplerian binaries subjected to stochastic perturbations. The formalism provides an algorithmic way to obtain the Fokker-Planck drift and diffusion coefficients of any set of orbital variables given the statistics of the perturbations. We apply the method to three physically distinct regimes: adiabatic tidal perturbations, white-noise tidal perturbations, and impulsive encounters with a third body of arbitrary density profile. In each regime we provide explicit drift and diffusion coefficients for all six orbital elements, derive the associated evolution timescale, and obtain analytic steady-state distribution functions. Our results extend previous treatments by including the evolution of the binary's orientation, retaining the complete tensor structure of tidal correlators, treating non-pointlike perturbers, and resolving the exact geometry of impulsive encounters. The latter correction leads to a steady-state eccentricity distribution that is slightly sub-thermal. We also show how these equations can be applied directly in several astrophysical scenarios, including binaries perturbed by dark matter subhaloes, ultralight dark matter, and the interstellar medium. This work delivers both a complete mathematical framework and a practical toolkit for stochastic binary evolution, providing ready-to-evaluate equations to be applied directly to binary population data.
↳ astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SRhep-ph1 citation
32
Using SquiRels to Find LiMRs: A Model-Insensitive Approach to Cosmic Microwave Background Studies of Light but Massive Relics
Nicholas DePorzio🇺🇸 · David Imig🇺🇸 · Jessie Shelton🇺🇸
Light but Massive Relics (LiMRs), cosmological relics that are relativistic at some point in the observable early universe but are non-relativistic today, are a generic prediction of many theories of physics beyond the Standard Model, and are a target of high interest for current and upcoming cosmological surveys. The enormous variety of scenarios that can give rise to LiMRs also gives rise to a wide range of possible phase space distributions for these relics, making it valuable to have a model-agnostic quantification of LiMR signatures. Toward that end we identify three independent physical quantities that govern LiMRs' dominant effects on cosmological observables, and introduce a phenomenological family of "Squished Relics" (SquiRels) that allow us to efficiently and flexibly search for the imprint of LiMRs with different phase space distributions in data. Our primary focus here is on LiMRs that transition from radiation to matter during the Cosmic Microwave Background epoch. Using this framework we explicitly demonstrate that current Planck observations are not sensitive to the shape of the LiMR's phase space distribution function, which allows us to provide a model-insensitive and readily reinterpretable limit on LiMRs that become non-relativistic at redshifts z_{NR}<10^5. We further demonstrate that upcoming and future ground-based observatories will be able to distinguish LiMRs from massless dark radiation species, and could begin to provide information about the shape of its distribution.
↳ astro-ph.COhep-ph1 citation
33
Entangling Power and Symmetries in the Quantum Rabi Model
Ian Low🇺🇸 · Jens Koch🇺🇸 · Sahel Ashhab🇯🇵
The quantum Rabi model is a standard effective Hamiltonian in studies of light-matter interaction, capturing the simplest nontrivial setting in which a qubit couples to a single harmonic oscillator. Within the broader Rabi family, we focus on two special cases: the Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model, which carries an explicit $U (1)$ symmetry, and the asymmetric quantum Rabi model (AQRM), which possesses a parameter-dependent "hidden'' symmetry that appears only at integer bias, $ε / ω \in Z$ , and is not manifest in the Hamiltonian. We use the time-averaged entangling power as an operator-level diagnostic of these symmetry structures. Since the oscillator Hilbert space is infinite-dimensional, we compare two finite input ensembles: a Haar average after Fock-space truncation and a coherent-state average at fixed mean occupation $n ˉ$ . Both diagnostics show peaks at the integer-bias points of the AQRM, where the hidden symmetry resides. In contrast, the manifest $U (1)$ symmetry at the JC point instead gives a weak dip. Thus, the time-averaged entangling power responds to both the hidden symmetry and the $U (1)$ symmetry in the Rabi family, with the sign of the response indicating how the symmetry reorganizes the spectral expansion. These results demonstrate that the entangling power can serve as an operator diagnostic to reveal the presence and properties of hidden and manifest symmetries in light-matter systems.
↳ quant-phhep-phhep-thnucl-th3 citations
34
Composite worldline instantons and the nonperturbative particle decay in constant external electric and magnetic fields
Alexander Gorsky🇷🇺 · Ivan Poluboyarinov🇷🇺
In this paper, we discuss the validity of the composite worldline instanton approach for the nonperturbative decay of charged particles in constant electric and magnetic fields. It is shown that the instanton results in the leading exponential approximation in the different limits agree with the ones obtained by the imaginary part of the self-energy in the external field and by overlap of the wave functions. We comment on the possible application of our results for the estimation of the decay rate of the proton in the external electric and magnetic field in the leading exponential approximation. The effects of entanglement of the particles in the final state are briefly mentioned.
↳ hep-thcond-mat.stat-mechhep-ph0 citations
35
Solar System Probes for Scalar Field Dark Matter
Edmund Ghampson🇺🇸 · Oem Trivedi🇺🇸 · Robert J. Scherrer🇺🇸 · Alfredo Gurrola🇺🇸
Scalar field dark matter provides us with a well motivated alternative to conventional particle dark matter, especially when ultralight fields form coherent oscillations or compact self gravitating clumps. Here we develop three complementary Solar System and local Galactic level probes of such models. These probes pertain to ADAF-like flares from scalar clump encounters with Kuiper Belt Objects, atomic clock searches for oscillatory variations of fundamental constants and astrometric microlensing by compact scalar clumps. We derive simple sensitivity estimates and null detection bounds on the scalar clump fraction, clock couplings and compact lens abundance. Our results show that Gaia-like astrometry can probe compact scalar clumps at the percent level near $M_{s} ≳ 1 0^{- 2} M_{⊙}$ , while future astrometric and clock experiments can extend the reach to lower masses and weaker couplings.
↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-th0 citations
36
Axion like particles multi-parameter sensing
Hassan Manshouri🇮🇷 · Moslem Zarei🇮🇷 · Mehdi Abdi🇮🇷
The search for the axion like particles (APLs)-one of the deepest puzzles in modern cosmology-may hold the key to understanding dark matter and dark energy. In this work, we introduce a setup taking advantage of the quantum metrology techniques to constrain the hypothetical mass and coupling constants of APLs by employing exotic pseudoscalar spin-spin interactions between fermions mediated by ALPs. A key advantage of our approach is the exploitation of position-dependent spin sensor results to the high sensitivity of the probe. To simultaneously investigate the axion mass and coupling constants, we invoke a multi-probe detection strategy. Through this strategy, we circumvent the singularity of the quantum Fisher information matrix as an ultimate upper bound on the sensitivity of any probe. For the axion masses in the range of $m_{a} \leq 1 0^{- 3} eV$ , this setup can exclude values of axion coupling constants $g_{p}^{e} g_{p}^{n}$ down to $1 0^{- 7}$ .
↳ quant-phastro-ph.COhep-ph0 citations
37
Non-Abelian $A_{4}$ vortices in $S O (3)$ gauge theory and non-invertible symmetries
Yoshihiko Abe🇯🇵 · Tetsutaro Higaki🇯🇵 · Kazuya Murakami🇯🇵 · Muneto Nitta🇯🇵 · Ryo Yokokura🇯🇵
We construct finite-tension non-Abelian vortex solutions in a renormalizable $(3 + 1)$ -dimensional $S O (3)$ gauge theory Higgsed to the tetrahedral group $A_{4}$ by a Higgs field in the spin-3 representation. Since the vacuum manifold is $S O (3) / A_{4}$ , the vortices are characterized by the non-Abelian fundamental group $π_{1} (S O (3) / A_{4}) ≃ A_{4}$ , the binary tetrahedral group. We obtain explicit axisymmetric vortex solutions carrying holonomies corresponding to the order-two and order-three conjugacy classes of $A_{4}$ , determine their tensions numerically, and show that they exhibit type-I, type-II, and Bogomol'nyi--Prasad--Sommerfield-like behavior depending on the Higgs and gauge boson mass ratios. The vortices are classified by conjugacy classes of $A_{4}$ , while their infrared descriptions are labeled by conjugacy classes of $A_{4}$ . We further demonstrate that the smooth finite-tension vortices reduce in the infrared to Gukov--Witten surface operators of the $A_{4}$ discrete gauge theory, thereby establishing a finite-energy ultraviolet completion of non-invertible defects in a renormalizable gauge-Higgs theory.
↳ hep-thhep-ph0 citations
38
Radiation reaction measurements via single-shot energy-loss determination in high-intensity laser-electron collisions
Philipp Sikorski · Daniel Seipt🇩🇪
Effects of radiation reaction are considered a key factor for lasers-plasma-interactions at ultra-high intensities, and gaining precise understanding of these phenomena will be crucical for discoveries of novel strong-field QED effects. In this paper we investigate an experimental geometry that allows a direct single-shot measurement of radiation reaction energy losses in high-intensity laser-beam collisions. This is made possible by simultaneous measurements of the pre-collision and post-collision electron beam spectra in a single shot by employing a dedicated 90-degree scattering geometry between the electron beam and the colliding high-power laser. We discuss the principal requirements and design constraints, e.g. for the electron beam divergence and source size. We derive an analytic expression for the correlation between the final particle energy and the scattering angle. Numerical simulations are performed employing both classical and stochastic quantum radiation reaction models to predict the experimental outcome and demonstrate the feasibility of the scenario.
↳ physics.plasm-phhep-ph0 citations
39
Multi-Hadron Scattering from Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics
Haobo Yan🇨🇳
This thesis develops lattice-QCD methods for studying hadron structure, scattering, and decays, with particular emphasis on multi-hadron resonances. The \texttt{Mathematica} package \texttt{OpTion} is developed to automate the construction of lattice multi-hadron operators. Finite-volume spectra are related to infinite-volume amplitudes through quantization conditions. For coupled-channel $D π$ scattering, the pion-mass dependence of the pole trajectories and the scattering length are determined, and the results support a two-pole structure for the $D_{0}^{*} (2300)$ . The thesis then studies the three-pion decay of the $ω (782)$ . Two- and three-body spectra are calculated, and three-body quantization conditions and effective field theory descriptions are developed. The extracted resonance pole, extrapolated to the physical point, gives a mass and width consistent with experiment and establishes a practical first-principles procedure for interacting three-body systems. These methods are further applied to the $π (1300)$ , providing, for the first time, first-principles predictions of its resonance pole at several pion masses and revealing significant three-body effects. Finally, radiative and semileptonic decays of charmed mesons are investigated, and a model-independent method is developed to extract transition form factors with improved precision. These results advance the first-principles study of coupled-channel and three-body hadron resonances and provide new insight into their structure and decays.
↳ hep-lathep-ph0 citations
40
Machine Learning Detection of Non-Axisymmetric Fast Flavor Instabilities in Compact Objects
Madhurima Chakraborty🇹🇼 · Sajad Abbar🇩🇪 · Meng-Ru Wu🇹🇼 · Francois Foucart🇺🇸 · Zewei Xiong🇩🇪
Neutrinos in dense astrophysical environments such as core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) and neutron star mergers (NSMs) can undergo FFCs, which could develop on extremely small scales. A necessary condition for the occurrence of FFCs is the presence of a zero crossing in the electron lepton number (ELN) angular distribution of neutrinos. In this work, we explore machine learning (ML) approaches to detect non-axisymmetric ELN crossings in these environments, based on input features of the $ν_{e}$ and $ν ˉ_{e}$ zeroth and first angular moments. Overall, the ML models demonstrate relatively good generalizability for most of the unseen test datasets generated by various methods that do not assume the same underlying angular distributions as used in the training set. Interestingly, while the model's performance is mediocre for an axisymmetric distribution dataset derived by solving the discretized Boltzmann transport equation under 1D CCSN background, imposing an artificial non-axisymmetry substantially improves the performance. We also find that for the flavor-equilibrated angular distributions, although our ML model trained based solely on ELN inputs performs poorly when the true crossings depend on the post-equilibrated angular distributions of heavy lepton neutrinos and antineutrinos, which become different, it delivers strong performance in detecting ELN crossings when the heavy-lepton neutrino and antineutrino distributions are artificially removed. This highlights the need for additional input features to further improve the model. This is a crucial step toward successfully integrating FFCs into large-scale CCSN and NSM simulations.
↳ astro-ph.HEhep-ph0 citations
41
High-Frequency Gravitational Wave Constraints from Precision Spectroscopy
Dmitry Budker🇩🇪 · Valerie Domcke🇨🇭 · Joachim Kopp🇩🇪 · Oleg Tretiak🇩🇪
Gravitational waves affect the propagation of electromagnetic waves in laser cavities, modulating the frequency of emitted photons. We use this effect to search for high-frequency gravitational waves between 100 kHz and 100 MHz using optical precision spectroscopy. Our limits constrain much of this frequency range for the first time. We discuss future improvements of the technique, which we expect to enhance the sensitivity by eight orders of magnitude, and to extend the frequency coverage up to at least 1 GHz.
↳ gr-qchep-phphysics.atom-ph0 citations
42
Harmonic-dependent geometry-to-flow transfer in AMPT Ru+Ru and Zr+Zr isobar collisions
Murad Badshah🇵🇰 · Muhammad Ajaz🇸🇦
We present a fixed- $N_{part}$ study of geometry-to-flow transfer in string-melting AMPT simulations of $^{96} Ru +^{96} Ru$ and $^{96} Zr +^{96} Zr$ collisions at $s_{N N} = 200$ GeV. Four nuclear configurations are considered: deformation-only Ru+Ru, deformation-only Zr+Zr, deformation plus neutron skin Ru+Ru and deformation plus neutron skin Zr+Zr. The AMPT/HIJING initialization is modified to include deformed Woods--Saxon densities and, when enabled, separate proton and neutron Woods--Saxon radii and diffuseness parameters (neutron skin effect). We introduce an eccentricity-normalized isobar response double ratio, $D_{n} = (v_{n}^{Ru} / v_{n}^{Zr}) / (ε_{n}^{Ru} / ε_{n}^{Zr})$ , evaluated in common participant-number intervals. This observable eliminates the initial-geometry eccentricity ratio, and investigates whether the final-state flow ratio is fully determined by the initial-geometry ratio. We find that the elliptic double ratio is nearly unity, and the triangular double ratio is consistently greater than unity for the two deformation-only and deformation-plus-skin configurations. The positive $D_{3} - 1$ pattern is maintained when varying the $N_{part}$ binning, peripheral-bin treatment, flow $p_{T}$ range and rapidity/pseudorapidity acceptance. The result identifies a harmonic-dependent AMPT response: Ru/Zr elliptic flow follows leading eccentricity scaling to high accuracy, whereas triangular flow retains a residual response component after the triangularity ratio is divided out.
↳ nucl-thhep-ph0 citations
43
Two-fluid $f$ -mode oscillations of dark-matter-admixed neutron stars
Zi-Yue Zheng🇨🇳 · Ting-Ting Sun🇨🇳 · Huan Chen🇨🇳 · Xiao-Ping Zheng🇨🇳 · Jin-Biao Wei🇨🇳 · G. F. Burgio🇮🇹 · H.-J. Schulze🇮🇹
We study quadrupolar $f$ -mode oscillations of dark-matter-admixed neutron stars (DANSs) in full general relativity (GR). The ordinary component is described by microscopic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock matter matched to the Shen2020 crust, while the dark matter (DM) component is treated as a cold self-interacting fermion fluid coupled to ordinary matter only by gravity. For fixed-DM-fraction sequences we solve the polar two-fluid perturbation equations with an outgoing gravitational-wave (GW) boundary condition, obtaining complex eigenfrequencies rather than only real mode frequencies. The spectrum contains two principal $f$ -like sequences. Their local character can be ordinary-matter-led, DM-led, or mixed, and is diagnosed using the component kinetic energies, the displacement overlap, and the cancellation of the matter quadrupole. A main result is that, for intermediate DM fractions, one of the two-fluid branches can become weakly radiating, with damping times enhanced by several orders of magnitude. The same calculation gives the outgoing Zerilli amplitude and the GW damping time, which we use to estimate the GW energy required to reach a prescribed detector threshold. Thus the analysis extends previous two-fluid Cowling studies by retaining metric perturbations and the radiative boundary condition.
↳ gr-qchep-phnucl-th0 citations
44
Thermal conductivity of dense $n p Λ$ matter in neutron star cores
Tanay Choudhary🇮🇳 · Athira S.🇮🇳 · Monika Sinha🇮🇳
The possible presence of hyperons in the cores of massive neutron stars has important implications for their microscopic transport properties and thermal evolution. Despite recent progress in modelling core transport, a dedicated analysis regarding the thermal conductivity of a specific $np\Lambda$ mixture remains absent from the existing literature. In this work, we investigate the thermal conductivity of dense, $\beta $-equilibrated $np\Lambda$ matter within the framework of the variational linearized Boltzmann kinetic approach, employing the density-dependent DDME2 equation of state across a baryon density range of $(0.5\text{--}4.5)\,n_0$. We find that neutrons still dominate thermal transport, while the onset of $\Lambda $ hyperons induces only a remarkably small reduction in neutron conductivity compared to pure nucleonic matter. These results suggests that the core thermal relaxation timescale remains practically unaltered in the presence of $Λ$ hyperons.
↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-ph0 citations
45
Supernova Neutrinos and the Origin of Biomolecular Homochirality
Amirmasoud Jannat🇮🇷 · Soroush Shakeri🇮🇷 · Farhad Shahbazi🇮🇷
We investigate the role of parity-violating interactions between supernova neutrinos and chiral molecules in nearby interstellar molecular clouds as a potential source of biomolecular homochirality. We introduce neutrino interactions into the autocatalytic chemical reactions in a far-from-equilibrium noise-induced system. These interactions create a directional bias between L and D enantiomers in the racemization reactions, which is amplified by autocatalysis and stochastic fluctuations. We solve the stochastic equations within the Ito sense to obtain the dynamics of the probability distribution of the enantiomeric excesses, offering an astrophysical scenario for the delivery of homochirality seeds to Earth by meteorites. In spite of the weak interactions of supernova neutrinos, our framework introduces an amplification mechanism to yield a considerable enantiomeric excess of more than $10%$ , in agreement with the latest chemical analysis of the meteorites. Moreover, we scan over the parameter space of the model, inferring from the observational values in order to explore the window of opportunity to generate the initial seeds of homochiral states in interstellar molecular clouds.
↳ astro-ph.HEcond-mat.stat-mechhep-phphysics.bio-ph0 citations
46
Three-dimensional, boost-invariant formalism for systems of relativistically moving constituents
Adam J. Freese🇺🇸 · Anne L. Lashbrook · Gerald A. Miller🇺🇸
Light front quantum mechanics in three dimensions can be used to construct boost-invariant wave functions for the internal structure of relativistic systems. The Miller-Brodsky variable $z ~$ -- which is canonically conjugate to the momentum fraction $x$ -- allows a spatial description of the longitudinal degree of freedom. We show how $z ~$ can be constructed as an operator and prove its boost invariance. A relativistic harmonic oscillator potential from Li, Maris, Zhao and Vary [Phys Lett B 758 (2016) 118] is used as an example of a two-body interaction that can be constructed using $z ~$ and for which closed-form analytic solutions can be found. We systematically explore the conditions in which the non-relativistic harmonic oscillator solutions are reproduced and the conditions in which relativistic corrections are significant. Harmonic oscillator states are commonly used as a basis for nuclear many-body calculations. The present effort may provide a basis for providing light-front wave functions of nuclei.
↳ nucl-thhep-ph0 citations
47
The Infraparticle Edge
Soo-Jong Rey🇰🇷
I derive the charged-particle spectral edge from the quantum instrument of soft QED. I use two projections of that instrument. Tracing over unresolved photons gives the reduced hard-sector channel. Pushing the outcomes to total energy gives the inclusive energy distribution. Its Laplace exponent is fixed by the diagonal soft intensity. For $d N_{h} (ω) = η_{h} d ω / ω + d N_{h, reg} (ω)$ , I obtain $ρ_{inc} (s) \sim C θ (s - m^{2}) (s - m^{2})^{- 1 + η_{h}}$ . I retain the coherence kernel and derive hard-sector dephasing and the spectral edge from two contractions of one soft environment. The diagonal coefficient $κ_{aa}$ fixes the endpoint exponent, while $\frac{1}{2} (κ_{aa} + κ_{bb} - 2 Re κ_{ba})$ fixes the dephasing exponent between hard alternatives. I then classify infrared energy marginals, derive the finite-resolution residue $Z (μ) = (μ /Λ)^{η_{h}}$ , prove stability under infrared-integrable perturbations, and separate the bath exponent from a hard threshold exponent. For the one-electron spectral measure, the hard threshold factor is regular. The resulting edge has the local power law of a gapped unparticle spectrum, while its exponent remains a response coefficient of the unresolved photon sector.
↳ hep-thcond-mat.str-elgr-qchep-ph+10 citations
48
Antikick Relation in High-Energy Head-On Collisions of Spinning Black Holes
Carlos O. Lousto🇺🇸 · James Healy🇺🇸 · Alessandro Ciarfella🇺🇸 · Hiroyuki Nakano🇯🇵
The collision of black holes at relativistic speeds probes gravity in its most extreme dynamical regime. While the maximum gravitational recoil from \emph{grazing} high-energy collisions ( $\approx 28562$ ~km/s, i.e., $\sim 0.1 c$ ) and the maximum radiated energy $E_{rad}$ and remnant spin $α_{f}^{m a x}$ from such encounters ( $E_{rad} / M_{ADM} \approx 32%$ where $M_{ADM}$ is the ADM mass, and $α_{f}^{m a x} \approx 0.987$ ) have been established previously~\cite{Healy:2022jbh,Healy:2024lhl}, here we focus on the \emph{head-on} high-energy collision of equal-mass spinning black holes and on the detailed structure of the resulting recoil. Performing a sequence of full numerical simulations for spin magnitudes $s = 0.5, 0.65$ , and $0.8$ over a range of initial momenta $γ v$ , we characterize the peak recoil $V_{p}$ , the final recoil $V_{f}$ , and the antikick $Δ V \equiv V_{f} - V_{p}$ , and we provide phenomenological fits of their dependence on $γ v$ and $s$ . We complement these results with a zero-frequency-limit (ZFL) analysis of the radiated energy and momentum, a quasinormal-mode model of the antikick, and a superposed boosted double-Kerr close-limit estimate. We find that in the relativistic regime ( $γ v > 1$ ) the peak and final recoil are directly proportional, $V_{p} \approx 7.4 V_{f}$ (equivalently $Δ V \approx - 6.4 V_{f}$ ), largely independent of both the initial momentum and the spin magnitude, pointing to a common post-merger relaxation. While the ZFL predicts a leading linear-in-spin dependence, the close-limit analysis predicts a leading $s^{3}$ dependence of the recoil amplitude; with the three spin magnitudes studied here the empirical exponent is $s^{1.27 \pm 0.08}$ , motivating an even higher energy collision spin sequence study.
↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phhep-th0 citations
49
Inclusive P-wave Quarkonium Decay Widths from Lattice QCD and pNRQCD
Nora Brambilla🇩🇪 · Viljami Leino🇩🇰 · Julian Mayer-Steudte🇩🇪 · Panayiotis Panayiotou🇩🇪 · Andrea Shindler🇩🇪 · Antonio Vairo🇩🇪 · Xiang-Peng Wang🇨🇳
Inclusive hadronic decay widths remain a long-standing challenge for first-principles QCD. We present a framework combining lattice QCD with strongly-coupled potential nonrelativistic QCD (pNRQCD) to compute inclusive P-wave heavy quarkonium decays to light hadrons. At leading order in the velocity expansion, all nonperturbative effects, apart from the square of the derivative of the wavefunction at the origin, are encoded in a single universal moment of the two-point chromoelectric correlator, which we determine for the first time from a quenched lattice QCD calculation matched to $MS$ via the gradient flow. Combined with perturbative short-distance coefficients and the square of the derivative of the wavefunction at the origin, our result reproduces the observed $χ_{c J} (1 P)$ widths and, at the same time, provides predictions for the unmeasured $χ_{b J} (n P)$ widths. The framework extends naturally to inclusive decays and production of ordinary and exotic hadrons.
↳ hep-lathep-exhep-phhep-th0 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE