HEP Phenomenology·hep-ph

Mon·Jul 13, 2026Monday·July 13, 2026

33 papers—26 primary·7 cross-listed

01
The Minimal High-Quality QCD Axion
Mario Fernández Navarro🇨🇭
The canonical QCD axion is minimal but not high quality. We identify a minimal high-quality QCD axion, in which the Peccei-Quinn symmetry emerges as a gauge-origin boundary remnant of five-dimensional $U (1)$ gauge invariance on a flat interval, and the axion is the surviving Wilson-line phase. QCD and the Standard Model remain four-dimensional, retaining much of the simplicity of KSVZ/DFSZ anomaly sectors. The construction requires no bulk QCD, warping, or color Chern-Simons term, yet retains exponential quality protection. Thus axion quality is compatible with minimality.
hep-phhep-th3 citations
02
High Energy Photon Polarimetry at Lepton Colliders: Quantum Information from Converted Photons
Carlos Henrique de Lima🇨🇦 · Navin McGinnis🇺🇸 · David McKeen🇨🇦
We study high-energy photons produced at a lepton collider that convert into an $e^{+} e^{-}$ pair in the detector, as a tool for measuring quantum information observables. We consider single- and double-conversion processes in $e^{+} e^{-} \to γ γ$ and $e^{+} e^{-} \to e^{+} e^{-} γ$ . Single conversions enable an in situ extraction of the spin-analyzing power, while double conversions probe polarization correlations. Focusing on the Belle-II detector, we show that, depending on the reconstruction resolution of the opening angle of the conversion $e^{+} e^{-}$ pair, quantum correlations of the diphoton system can be probed. In particular, measurements of violations of the Bell inequality, quantum discord, concurrence, nonstabilizerness, and steerability with spatially separated GeV-scale photons can be made at high significance.
hep-phhep-ex3 citations
03
Renormalon subtracted nonrelativistic QCD for heavy hadron systems
Benoît Assi🇺🇸 · Andreas S. Kronfeld🇺🇸 · Simon Vaiva🇺🇸 · Michael L. Wagman🇺🇸
We present a renormalon-subtracted formulation of potential nonrelativistic QCD (pNRQCD) for precision spectroscopy of heavy hadron systems, combining variational and Green's function Monte Carlo (VMC/GFMC) methods with NNLO static two- and three-body potentials. Minimal renormalon subtraction (MRS) systematically sums leading factorially growing terms, thereby stabilizing perturbative convergence and reducing renormalization-scale dependence. We tune charm and bottom quark masses to spin-averaged $1 S$ quarkonium states and predict $Ω_{ccc}$ , $Ω_{cc b}$ , $Ω_{c bb}$ , and $Ω_{bbb}$ baryon masses, as well as QCD-stable baryons containing top quarks. NNLO MRS results undershoot lattice QCD by 125--175~MeV, with fractional differences decreasing as $\sim 1/ m_{Q}$ , consistent with neglected $O (1/ m_{Q})$ corrections. Applying these methods to unequal-mass fully-heavy tetraquarks, we determine the critical heavy-to-light mass ratio for binding and compute binding energies across the mass-ratio landscape.
hep-phhep-exhep-lat0 citations
04
Seesaw reheating
Yann Mambrini🇫🇷
We introduce the Seesaw Reheating scenario, in which the inflaton transfers its energy to a long-lived intermediate scalar associated with the spontaneous breaking of lepton number before the Universe is reheated through its decay into right-handed neutrinos. As a result, the reheating temperature is no longer determined by the inflaton decay width but by the dynamics of the seesaw sector. We derive analytical solutions describing the complete reheating history, revealing two characteristic features of this scenario: the relativistic time dilation of the intermediate scalar, which suppresses its decay and delays the transfer of energy to the thermal bath, and its subsequent transition from a relativistic to a non-relativistic regime, introducing a new characteristic timescale in the thermal history. Together, these effects lead to simple analytical expressions for the reheating temperature. When the intermediate scalar is identified with the field responsible for the spontaneous breaking of lepton number, the same framework naturally connects the reheating temperature to the origin of neutrino masses and provides a well-motivated setting for sterile-neutrino dark matter.
hep-phastro-ph.COhep-th1 citation
05
Flavorful Interactions of AGN Neutrinos with Dark Matter Spike
S. Abbaslu🇮🇷 · Y. Farzan🇮🇷 · A. Maleki🇮🇷
IceCube-Gen2 is going to make the dream of precise flavor ratio measurement for high energy cosmic neutrinos a reality. Motivated by this prospect, we build a model for the interaction of neutrinos with the dark matter and study the impact of the neutrino interaction with the dark matter spike around active galactic nuclei on the neutrino flavor ratio measurement. We show that the flavor measurement by IceCube-Gen2 can discriminate between this model and the standard expectation, $(ν_{e}^{\oplus} : ν_{μ}^{\oplus} : ν_{τ}^{\oplus}) ≃ (1/3 : 1/3 : 1/3)$ , as well as the prediction for a damped muon source. We discuss how we can derive information about the spike as well as about the characteristics of the dark matter particles composing it by combining the flavor ratio measurements with the results of the terrestrial experiments determining the neutrino mass ordering and a potential deviation from the standard model predictions in the measurements of the tau decay modes.
hep-ph1 citation
06
Dark Phoenix: dark matter relic from its own decay
Debasish Borah🇮🇳 · Satyabrata Mahapatra🇮🇳 · Indrajit Saha🇮🇳 · Narendra Sahu🇮🇳 · Vicky Singh Thounaojam🇮🇳
We propose a novel mechanism for generating correct relic of dark matter (DM) which otherwise gets thermally overproduced from the conventional freeze-out mechanism. The mechanism, dubbed as {\it Dark Phoenix}, relies on a transient decay window for DM after its freeze-out which brings its relic within observed limits. Due to finite-temperature effects on masses, DM $ψ$ becomes heavier than its dark sector partner $ϕ$ in this window allowing it to decay. The decay of DM then stops after $ϕ$ gets a sudden jump in its mass from a first-order phase transition (FOPT) driven by another scalar $η$ . The dark sector partner $ϕ$ , assumed to be a charged scalar, undergoes sufficient pair annihilation during this epoch such that its late decay into DM does not overproduce the latter again. While direct-detection rates of DM remains suppressed due to small couplings, the charged scalar $ϕ$ can have interesting signatures like long-lived charged track at colliders. The associated FOPT can also lead to observable gravitational waves at future experiments like LISA.
hep-phastro-ph.CO0 citations
07
Dimensional Regularisation with Non-Anticommuting $γ_{5}$ : Status and Application to the Standard Model
Matthias Weißwange🇩🇪
A consistent all-order treatment of $γ_{5}$ in dimensional regularisation (DReg), as provided by the Breitenlohner-Maison/'t Hooft-Veltman (BMHV) scheme, is essential for high-precision electroweak calculations, but comes at the cost of a regularisation-induced violation of gauge and BRST invariance that must be reinstated via symmetry-restoring counterterms. We report on the current status of our research on the BMHV scheme, from its $D$ -dimensional realisation and its multi-loop behaviour up to the 4-loop order, to its most recent application: the complete 1-loop renormalisation of the Standard Model (SM), including both divergent and finite symmetry-restoring counterterms. For the latter, we discuss the main intricacies of the BMHV treatment and present a representative excerpt of the resulting counterterms.
hep-phhep-thPoS(2026)·0 citations
08
Revisiting bounds on neutrino dark matter interaction at spikes
Yasaman Farzan🇮🇷
Interactions between high energy neutrinos produced in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and the dark matter (DM) particles in the dense spike around the supermassive black holes may lead to attenuation of the flux. This consideration along with the observation of a sizeable flux from at least four AGNs have been used to derive bounds on the neutrino dark matter scattering cross section \cite{Cline:2022qld}. We show that the attenuation strongly depends on the details of the microphysics parameters. In particular if the mediator is a vector boson with a mass much smaller than the center of mass energy of the neutrino and dark matter, the energy loss of the neutrino and therefore the flux attenuation will be negligible. As a result, the bounds obtained in \cite{Cline:2022qld} can be easily evaded.
hep-ph1 citation
09
Production of hidden-charm molecular candidates in $ψ (4660)$ decays
Xiao-Yun Wang🇨🇳 · Ya-Rong Wang · Shi-Dong Liu🇨🇳 · Xiao-Hai Liu🇨🇳 · Gang Li🇨🇳
We investigate the production of several hidden-charm exotic candidates, including $Z_{c} (3900)$ , $Z_{c} (4020)$ , $Z_{cs} (3985)$ , and $Z_{2} (4250)$ , in $ψ (4660)$ decays under the assumption that these states are predominantly hadronic molecules. Treating $ψ (4660)$ as a conventional $ψ (5 S)$ charmonium state, the production mechanisms are described through intermediate charmed-meson triangle loops, with its couplings to charmed-meson pairs estimated within the quark model. A systematic analysis of the processes $ψ (4660) \to Z_{c} (3900) π$ , $ψ (4660) \to Z_{c} (4020) π$ , $ψ (4660) \to Z_{cs} (3985) K$ , and $ψ (4660) \to Z_{2} (4250) π$ is performed within a unified framework. The predicted branching fractions are found to be of the order of $1 0^{- 2}$ , $1 0^{- 4}$ , $1 0^{- 3}$ , and $1 0^{- 6}$ , respectively, exhibiting only a mild dependence on the cutoff parameter. We further find that the contributions from the $S H H$ intermediate loops dominate over those from the $T H H$ and $H H H$ loops in most channels. The sizable production rates obtained in this work indicate that $ψ (4660)$ decays provide a promising platform for probing the molecular nature of charged hidden-charm exotic states and testing their underlying production mechanisms.
hep-phhep-ex0 citations
10
Study of $χ_{c 1, 2}$ decays to $P P P$ via light meson resonances
Bo Lan🇨🇳 · Jie Zhu🇨🇳 · Jin-Huan Sheng🇨🇳 · Yuan-Guo Xu🇨🇳 · Ru-Min Wang🇨🇳
The three-body decays of charmonium states provide a valuable laboratory for probing non-perturbative QCD dynamics and investigating light meson resonances. Three-body decays $χ_{c 1, 2} \to P_{1} P_{2} P_{3}$ are studied in this work ( $P$ denotes the light pseudoscalar meson). Branching ratio analysis is performed for the $χ_{c 1, 2} \to P_{1} P_{2} P_{3}$ decays incorporating light vector ( $V$ ) meson resonance, light tensor ( $T$ ) meson resonance and light scalar ( $S$ ) meson resonance contributions. Based on the SU(3) flavor symmetry approach, we calculate the branching ratios under both the narrow width approximation and the finite width effect, and provide the predict results in the $χ_{c 1, 2} \to (V / T) P_{3} \to P_{1} P_{2} P_{3}$ processes. Furthermore, based on the significant $a_{0}^{+} (980)$ resonance signal in $χ_{c 1} \to π^{+} π^{-} η$ decay, the predict results for $χ_{c 1} \to S P_{3} \to P_{1} P_{2} P_{3}$ are also obtained. While the resonance signals observed in current experiments are mainly concentrated in the $χ_{c 1} \to π^{+} π^{-} η$ decay, our results suggest potential resonance contributions in other channels. Especially in $χ_{c 1, 2} \to K K π$ channels, the predicted results show the significant resonance contributions from $V$ mesons and $T$ mesons, which is worth further experimental verification and exploration.
hep-phPLB(2026)·0 citations
11
Towards mixed QCDxEW corrections to the charged-current Drell-Yan process with leptonic decay at high transverse masses
Christian Biello🇨🇭 · Amlan Chakraborty🇮🇹 · Giulio Gambuti🇨🇭 · Raoul Roentsch🇮🇹 · Chiara Signorile-Signorile🇨🇭
The Drell-Yan process is a key precision benchmark at the Large Hadron Collider and a sensitive probe of SM and SMEFT effects. Fully exploiting future LHC data requires percent-level SM predictions, motivating precise EW and mixed QCDxEW corrections. In this proceeding we report of the progress towards the calculation of mixed QCDxEW corrections to charged-current Drell-Yan with leptonic decay at high transverse masses, performed within the Nested Soft-Collinear Subtraction framework. After presenting a validation at NLO, we show results for the NNLO real corrections and compare their impact in the neutral-current and newly developed charged-current channels. These contributions are essential to match the current and future precision of LHC measurements, especially in regions where electroweak effects are enhanced by Sudakov logarithms.
hep-ph0 citations
12
Minimal Majoron Dark Matter from a Discrete $Z_{N}$ Gauge Symmetry
Subaru Fujisawa🇯🇵 · Qiuyue Liang🇯🇵 · Shigeki Matsumoto🇯🇵 · Michiru Uwabo-Niibo🇰🇷 · Tsutomu T. Yanagida🇯🇵
We investigate majoron dark matter in a minimal setup, where the Standard Model is extended by three right-handed neutrinos and a complex scalar field. The theory is defined by an exact discrete gauge symmetry, $Z_{N} \subset U (1)_{B - L}$ , while the global $U (1)_{B - L}$ symmetry emerges only as an accidental symmetry at low energies. For nontrivial choices of the discrete symmetry $Z_{N}$ , such as $Z_{5}$ , $Z_{7}$ , $Z_{11}$ , and $Z_{13}$ , Planck-suppressed operators explicitly break this accidental symmetry and generate a small majoron mass, making the resulting pseudo-Nambu--Goldstone boson a well-motivated dark matter candidate. We study its production via the misalignment mechanism after inflation, considering both radiation-dominated and early matter-dominated cosmological histories, and confront the viable parameter space with isocurvature bounds, cosmological constraints, and indirect dark matter searches. We find that the $Z_{5}$ model is excluded by limits on the dominant dark matter decay into neutrinos, whereas the other models remain viable. In particular, the $Z_{7}$ scenario predicts a majoron mass in the $1$ -- $10 MeV$ range and can be sensitively probed by future MeV gamma-ray observations, especially with COSI, through the 511keV line from the majoron decay into an electron--positron pair and the monochromatic gamma-ray line from its decay into two photons.
hep-phastro-ph.HE0 citations
13
Enhancing the sensitivity to FCNC top decays $t \to cH$ and $t \to c S$ in the boosted regime at CLIC
Shuo Yang🇨🇳 · Peng-Bo Zhao🇨🇳 · Ji-Chong Yang🇨🇳
The top quark, having the largest Yukawa coupling to the Higgs sector, provides a unique window into electroweak symmetry breaking and possible new physics beyond the Standard Model. Searches for rare top-quark processes are thus powerful probes of new physics. In this work, we investigate the flavor-changing neutral-current (FCNC) top-quark decays $t \to cH$ and $t \to c S$ , where $S$ denotes a light scalar, at the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) with a center-of-mass energy of $s = 1.5 TeV$ . Our analysis focuses on a kinematic regime distinct from most previous studies, in which the top quarks are typically highly boosted. To enhance signal discrimination in the boosted regime, we construct multi-channel jet images and employ a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier to capture jet-substructure patterns relevant to the FCNC signals. Assuming an integrated luminosity of $4 ab^{- 1}$ , we obtain the expected $95%$ C.L. upper limit $BR (t \to cH) \times BR (H \to b b ˉ) < 5.27 \times 1 0^{- 5}$ . For the exotic scalar singlet, expected $95%$ C.L. upper limits between $3.25 \times 1 0^{- 5}$ and $5.26 \times 1 0^{- 5}$ are obtained for $BR (t \to c S) \times BR (S \to b b ˉ)$ , for scalar masses between $30$ and $80 GeV$ .
hep-ph0 citations
14
Exclusive $J / ψ$ photoproduction in photon-proton diffractive scattering: A light-front Hamiltonian approach
Xiaoyi Wu🇨🇳 · Zhi Hu🇯🇵 · Chandan Mondal🇨🇳 · Jiangshan Lan🇨🇳 · Siqi Xu🇨🇳 · Jiatong Wu🇨🇳 · Xingbo Zhao🇨🇳 · James P. Vary🇺🇸
We investigate the cross-section for exclusive $J / ψ$ production in photon-proton diffractive scattering within the Basis Light-Front Quantization (BLFQ) framework. The leading-order contribution to this process is well approximated by the charge conjugation-even two-gluon (``pomeron") exchange mechanism in the dipole model, which factorizes the total amplitude into the dipole scattering amplitude and the convolution of the $J / ψ$ and photon light-front wave functions (LFWFs). We express the dipole scattering amplitude as the matrix element of gluon field operators inserted between proton states, with the element being sensitive to the proton LFWFs and the Bjorken scaling variable, $x$ . The proton and $J / ψ$ LFWFs are obtained by diagonalizing their respective light-front Hamiltonians within the BLFQ approach, while the virtual photon LFWFs are employed from perturbative QCD. Our results provide initial conditions for the Balitsky-Kovchegov (BK) equation, which can be used to probe the proton structure at smaller Bjorken scales. This work offers valuable theoretical insights for future electron-ion collider experiments.
hep-ph0 citations
15
Hunting for new physics in $B$ meson $b \to u$ transitions: A fresh look with Belle II data
Pietro Colangelo🇮🇹 · Fulvia De Fazio🇮🇹 · Maria Letizia Di Cuia · Davide Milillo🇮🇹
We present an analysis of the decays $B^{-} \to ℓ^{-} ν ˉ_{ℓ}$ , $B ˉ^{0} \to π^{+} ℓ^{-} ν ˉ_{ℓ}$ , and $B^{-} \to ρ^{0} ℓ^{-} ν ˉ_{ℓ}$ leveraging the precise measurements of binned differential branching fractions recently reported by the Belle II Collaboration for the semileptonic modes. We adopt a generalized low-energy Hamiltonian that incorporates all dimension-six operators with left-handed neutrinos -- consistent with the Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT) -- featuring complex, lepton-flavor-dependent Wilson coefficients. For three representative values of $∣ V_{u b} ∣$ , we perform a fit to the measured $q^{2}$ -binned observables to constrain the coupling parameter space and determine the corresponding confidence regions. Finally, we perform a global fit for the three decay channels, determining $∣ V_{u b} ∣$ together with the new physics couplings.
hep-phhep-exhep-lat0 citations
16
Tensor-polarized parton distribution functions of the deuteron by a convolution model
S. Kumano🇨🇳 · Kenshi Kuroki🇨🇳
Tensor-polarized parton distribution functions (PDFs) are calculated for the deuteron by using a convolution formalism, where the tensor-polarized PDFs are given by the corresponding nucleon's unpolarized PDFs convoluted with the tensor-polarized nucleon momentum distribution in the deuteron. These distributions are obtained at $Q^{2} = 2.5$ GeV $^{2}$ in order to compare with the tensor-polarized PDFs which were determined by HERMES $b_{1}$ data. The obtained distributions are very different from the ones determined from the HERMES data, which indicates further studies are needed to clarify the difference, possibly by considering a new mechanism beyond the simple bound system of a proton and a neutron. The obtained PDFs $δ_{T} q$ and $δ_{T} q ˉ$ are converted to the PDFs of the Trento convention $f_{1 LL}^{q}$ and $f_{1 LL}^{q ˉ}$ , and they are used for estimating the twist-3 PDFs $f_{L T}^{q}$ and $f_{L T}^{q ˉ}$ by using a Wandzura-Wilczek-like relation. Because deep-inelastic-scattering experiments are under preparation for structure functions with a tensor-polarized deuteron target at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, and a Drell-Yan experiment will be possible at hadron accelerator facilities, such as the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the obtained tensor-polarized PDFs will be tested experimentally.
hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+10 citations
17
Leptogenesis with sub-electroweak-scale reheating temperature
Basabendu Barman🇮🇳 · Arindam Basu🇮🇳 · Debasish Borah🇮🇳 · Nayan Das🇮🇳
We study the generation of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe via leptogenesis during the post-inflationary reheating epoch, considering reheating temperatures below the temperature of sphaleron freeze-out. Within the framework of a monomial inflaton potential during reheating, we analyze three perturbative reheating scenarios in which the inflaton decays into (i) a pair of Standard Model (SM)-like bosons, (ii) a pair of SM-like fermions, or (iii) exclusively into a pair of heavy right-handed neutrinos, which eventually decays into the SM final states after briefly dominating the energy density of the Universe. For each case, we identify the regions of parameter space that successfully reproduce the observed baryon asymmetry consistently tracking the sphaleron interaction rate during reheating, while satisfying existing cosmological constraints. We also highlight the potential of future primordial gravitational wave observations to probe this class of scenarios.
hep-phastro-ph.CO2 citations
18
Diffusion Monte Carlo study of deuteron-like fully light hexaquarks
M.C. Gordillo🇪🇸 · J. Segovia🇪🇸
We perform a Diffusion Monte Carlo study of fully light hexaquarks containing three $u$ quarks and three $d$ quarks within a constituent-quark model. Both compact and baryon--baryon-like arrangements were considered separately. All compact hexaquark configurations are found well above their corresponding baryon--baryon thresholds, suggesting that deeply bound compact six-quark states are not favored in the light-quark sector within this model. By contrast, several dibaryon-like configurations lie close, but above, to the $N N$ , $N Δ$ , and $ΔΔ$ thresholds and show spatial structures compatible with molecular states. One configuration exhibits two well-defined nucleon-like subclusters separated by several femtometers, characteristic of deuteron-like spatial clustering, although its calculated energy remains slightly above the corresponding threshold.
hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+10 citations
19
Running coupling effects in the anti-collinear resummation in high energy evolution
Alex Kovner🇺🇸 · Michael Lublinsky🇮🇱 · Maxim Nefedov🇮🇱 · Vladimir Skokov🇺🇸
We study the effects of the running of the QCD coupling on the anti-collinear resummation in JIMWLK evolution in the linear (BFKL) regime. We determine the appropriate scale choice for the coupling entering the JIMWLK kernel, and derive the anti-collinearly resummed BFKL kernel, which includes running-coupling effects both in the resummation equation (i.e. DGLAP) and in the JIMWLK kernel proper. We find that the running of the coupling generally further slows down BFKL evolution, as expected. Surprisingly however the value of the generalized characteristic function at $γ = 1$ is unaffected by the running coupling owing to subtle cancellations. We develop an approximation that allows us to use the generalized characteristic function to study the BFKL Green's function. Within this approximation we find that the Pomeron intercept in the anti-collinear regime is significantly reduced by both, the resummation and the running of the coupling.
hep-phhep-exhep-thnucl-ex+10 citations
20
A Window onto New Invisible Particles via Semi-Visible Higgs Decays
Sally Dawson🇺🇸 · Arnab Roy🇦🇺 · German Valencia🇦🇺
Searches for new physics continue at the LHC in several forms, including new-particle searches, precision measurements of SM couplings, and searches for signals of new invisible particles. In this talk, we discuss the reach in parameter space of new invisible particles with the semi-visible Higgs decay modes $H \to ℓ^{+} ℓ^{-} + E /_{T}$ and $H \to j j + E /_{T}$ . We first parametrise the new invisible particles and their interactions with the SM through an effective field theory at dimension six. We then study the respective signals and the corresponding background, finding small signals with large backgrounds. We find, however, that the kinematics of these processes are sufficiently rich to allow a signal extraction that we first quantify with a cut-based analysis and later with a multivariate BDT.
hep-ph0 citations
21
Fully-beauty tensor tetraquark
S. S. Agaev🇦🇿 · K. Azizi🇮🇷 · H. Sundu🇹🇷
Parameters of the fully-beauty tensor tetraquark $T = bb b b$ are computed using QCD sum rule method. The mass $m$ and coupling $Λ$ of this state are evaluated by means of two-point sum rule approach. Prediction $m = (18530 \pm 86) MeV$ for the mass demonstrates that $T$ is stable against decays to pairs of $η_{b} η_{b}$ and $ΥΥ$ mesons. But it transforms to conventional particles due to $b b$ annihilations to light quarks $q q$ and $s s$ followed by creation of mesons $B^{(*) +} B^{(*) -}$ , $B^{(*) 0} B^{(*) 0}$ and $B_{s}^{(*) 0} B_{s}^{(*) 0}$ . Partial width of these decay channels are calculated by invoking technical tools of three-point sum rule method. The latter allows us to estimate strong couplings at relevant tetraquark-meson-meson vertices and, hence, a width of the process under consideration. Our prediction $Γ = (48 \pm 6) MeV$ along with the mass of this state can be valuable for experimental studies of all-heavy resonances.
hep-phhep-exhep-lat0 citations
22
Analysis of the hidden-charm pentaquark candidates in the $J / ψ Ω$ mass spectrum via the QCD sum rules
Zhi-Gang Wang🇨🇳
We explore the diquark-diquark-antiquark type $sssc c ˉ$ pentaquark states with the isospin-spin-parity $I J^{P} = 0 \frac{1}{2}^{-}$ , $0 \frac{3}{2}^{-}$ and $0 \frac{5}{2}^{-}$ via the QCD sum rules in details and obtain the ground state mass spectrum. And we suggest to hunt for these exotic states in the exclusive decay $Ω_{b}^{-} \to P_{csss}^{-} ϕ \to J / ψ Ω^{-} ϕ$ . Observations of the $P_{csss}$ states would shed light on the nature of exotic states and provide an excellent opportunity to distinguish the diquark-diquark-antiquark type pentaquark states from meson-baryon type molecular states.
hep-ph1 citation
23
Disentangling short- vs. long-distance dynamics in $B \to K^{*} μ^{+} μ^{-}$
Marzia Bordone🇩🇪 · Gino Isidori🇨🇭 · Arianna Tinari🇨🇭
We present an updated data-driven analysis of short- vs. long-distance dynamics in $B \to K^{*} μ^{+} μ^{-}$ . The analysis is based on the recent LHCb measurement of the full angular distribution of this process, taking advantage of the previously published global amplitude fit. Thanks to the precise di-lepton invariant-mass binning and angular observables directly sensitive to absorptive phases, current data provide novel insights into non-local contributions. We analyze the latter using a dispersive description, whose free parameters are determined via the amplitude fit. The dispersive model provides a satisfactory overall description of current data, without the need to introduce additional ad hoc hadronic parameters. The extracted value of the short-distance coefficient $C_{9}$ is lower than its Standard Model prediction, but significantly closer to it than in analyses where long-distance contributions are not constrained by data. The overall tension with the SM does not exceed the $2 σ$ level. We also obtain precise postdictions for the angular observables $S_{7, 8, 9}$ , and envisage novel consistency tests among them. In view of future, more precise data, these could provide valuable tests of the description of non-local effects in this process that, if further validated, would enable an even more robust extraction of short-distance information.
hep-ph2 citations
24
Top-Antitop Production and Decay at Threshold at the LHC in QCD Perturbation Theory
Paolo Nason🇮🇹 · Giovanni Pelliccioli🇮🇹 · Emanuele Re🇮🇹 · Luca Rottoli🇮🇹
In this work we consider the production of a top-antitop pair at the LHC when the mass of the pair is relatively near to the nominal threshold, that is to say to twice the top pole mass. In this regime, enhanced perturbative corrections arise that can be computed to all orders in perturbation theory. We present three generators of the NLO+PS kind (Next-to-Leading-Order that can be interfaced to parton showers) that include these threshold enhanced effects. Using these generators we address the following questions: what is the size of enhanced non-relativistic effects that are not already present in the well known NLO and NNLO perturbative results; what is the size of the contribution from these effects that can be loosely attributed to toponium production; and to what extent the finite width of the top quark affects threshold enhanced corrections. Our generators are relevant for the recent observation of enhanced $t t ˉ$ production near threshold in the pseudoscalar channel by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations.
hep-ph1 citation
25
SCET sum rules for $B \to D_{1} (2420)$ and $B \to D_{1}^{'} (2430)$ form factors at next-to-leading order
Jun-Wei Zhang🇨🇳 · Yong-Kang Huang🇨🇳
We present the first calculation of the $B \to D_{1} (2420)$ and $B \to D_{1}^{'} (2430)$ transition form factors at $O (α_{s})$ using light-cone sum rules within the framework of soft-collinear effective theory (SCET). We first match the QCD transition currents onto $SCE T_{I}$ and then factorize the corresponding vacuum-to- $B$ -meson correlation functions in $SCE T_{II}$ . The resulting factorization formulae are used to construct the leading-power sum rules for the effective SCET form factors $ξ_{∥ / ⊥}^{R}$ and $Ξ_{∥ / ⊥}^{R}$ ( $R = D_{1}, D_{1}^{'}$ ). In particular, we calculate the additional longitudinal form factor $ξ_{∥, m_{c}}^{R}$ induced by the finite charm-quark mass, whose contribution depends only on the $B$ -meson light-cone distribution amplitude $ϕ_{B}^{+} (ω, μ)$ . To disentangle the mixed $D_{1}$ and $D_{1}^{'}$ states, we introduce dedicated combinations of interpolating currents, with their decay constants determined via the equations of motion. To isolate the orbitally excited states from ground-state contamination, we subtract the ground-state contribution from the total sum rules and examine the stability of the resulting sum rules. Furthermore, the $q^{2}$ -dependence of the physical form factors is extrapolated over the full kinematic region using the Bourrely--Caprini--Lellouch parameterization. Finally, we provide phenomenological predictions for the branching fractions, differential decay widths, and lepton flavor universality ratios. Numerically, we obtain $R (D_{1}) = 0.07 0_{- 0.018}^{+ 0.028}$ and $R (D_{1}^{'}) = 0.15 9_{- 0.025}^{+ 0.032}$ , which can be confronted with the future measurements at Belle~II and LHCb.
hep-phhep-exhep-lat1 citation
26
Second-Order Perturbative Correction for Neutrino Oscillation Tomography of the Earth
Dmitry Zhuridov🇵🇱 · Wiktor Porwoł🇵🇱
The Earth's interior at depths exceeding present direct probing limit, which is just one five-hundredth of its radius, remains unknown to a significant extent due to existing ambiguities in predicting the distribution of temperature, pressure and chemical composition on the basis of seismic and geophysical observations. Scanning the Earth with neutrinos can provide independent information for refinement of existing seismological models. However, neutrinos interact with medium extremely weakly. Only tiny TeV-energy component of the atmospheric neutrino flux is noticeably absorbed while traversing the Earth, which provides limited statistical data. Flux reduction for much more common neutrinos with energies of the order of 1 GeV is vanishing. However, on their way through the planet they undergo sizable flavor oscillations that depend on the electron number density, which provides a link to seismological models. Accurate calculation of the matter effect in these oscillations is required for successful neutrino oscillation tomography of the Earth besides growing power of neutrino experiments, e. g., KM3NeT, DUNE and Hyper-Kamiokande. We obtained relevant neutrino oscillation probabilities in the second order of perturbation theory. Our results are valid for a neutrino potential that is not necessarily symmetric along the neutrino path. This allowed us to implement a multi-shell evolution scheme to better account for the density jumps between various layers of the Earth.
hep-ph0 citations
27
Quantum field nucleating and Wigner functions
Joonas Hirvonen🇬🇧
We present a novel real-time framework for the decay of metastable states in quantum field theories using Wigner functions. The framework introduces a nonperturbative nucleation rate formula that captures both quantum tunneling and over-the-barrier nucleation, alongside steps to evaluate it perturbatively. We apply it to a simple thermal example with direct relevance to current analog experiments. Our derived one-loop nucleation rate fundamentally differs from the widely cited high-temperature result by Linde: The prefactor contains quantum effects and also asymptotes to a differing form at high temperatures, where the quantum effects become negligible. Rather, the result is a generalization of Affleck's rate formula to quantum field theories, asymptoting to the effective field theory approach, and Langer's rate, at high temperatures. The example also reveals that the high-temperature side of the ``quantum-to-classical'' transition of thermal vacuum decay is still inherently quantum mechanical, even though the bounce background possesses the classical, $O (d) \times S^{1}$ , symmetry.
↳ hep-thcond-mat.quant-gashep-ph2 citations
28
Accelerator neutrinos as a probe of in-medium hyperon potentials
Jaroslaw Nowak🇬🇧
Charged-current (anti)neutrino interactions create $Λ$ and $Σ$ hyperons \emph{inside} the nucleus, making hyperon final-state interactions a terrestrial probe of the in-medium potentials that govern hyperon onset in neutron stars. In the StrangeMC simulation the trapped- $Λ$ fraction, escaping hyperon momenta, and a kaon-vetoed $Σ^{+}$ tag respond monotonically to $U_{Λ}$ and $U_{Σ}$ at SBND and DUNE. Marginalised over the low-density slope, a forecast gives $δ U_{Λ} \approx 6 \MeV$ with systematics distinct from hypernuclear data; $U_{Σ}$ is limited by hyperon--nucleon cross sections.
↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-ph0 citations
29
Neutrino-induced hyperon final-state interactions as constraints on the in-medium hyperon potential
Jaroslaw Nowak🇬🇧
Hyperon single-particle potentials $U_{Y} (ρ)$ control propagation in nuclei and hyperon onset in dense matter, where they soften the neutron-star equation of state and reduce the maximum mass -- the ``hyperon puzzle''. We show that charged-current accelerator (anti)neutrino interactions on $^{40}$ Ar, producing $Λ$ and $Σ$ inside the nucleus, can constrain these potentials. At SBND and DUNE energies, the trapped- $Λ$ fraction and escaping-hyperon momenta vary monotonically with $U_{Λ}$ and $U_{Σ}$ , with a kaon-vetoed FSI- $Σ^{+}$ tag adding sensitivity. Inserted in a GM1 relativistic mean-field equation of state at established hypernuclear/ $Σ$ -atom depths, the same potentials give $M_{max} = 1.94 M_{⊙}$ and $Λ_{1.4} = 1034$ , below the heaviest pulsars and above the GW170817 bound typical of GM1-class mean fields. A detector-level Fisher forecast yields $δ U_{Λ} ≃ 0.3$ MeV and $δ U_{Σ} ≃ 3$ - $4$ MeV for fixed low-density exponent $γ$ . Since hyperons are produced below saturation, $U_{Λ} (ρ_{0})$ and $γ$ are 99.8\% anti-correlated; marginalising over $γ$ degrades the anchor to $δ U_{Λ} ≃ 5.6$ MeV ( $1.3$ MeV with a $\pm 0.2$ prior), while $δ U_{Σ}$ is unchanged. For $U_{Λ}$ , comparable systematics arise from hyperon-nucleon final-state cross sections ( $- 5/ + 2$ MeV) and the exit-shift/gradient transport prescription ( $- 6$ MeV). For $U_{Σ}$ , the same $Y N$ uncertainty biases the fit by $O (150)$ MeV; removing the $Σ^{+}$ tag does not cure this, because the $Λ$ momentum spectrum carries most $U_{Σ}$ information and is itself $Y N$ -sensitive. The low-density $U_{Λ}$ anchor is a robust handle, at several-MeV rather than sub-MeV precision. A joint fit with terrestrial and heavy-ion priors gives $M_{max} = 2.2 1_{- 0.15}^{+ 0.04}$ Msun, set mainly by the external $c_{Λ}$ prior.
↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-exhep-ph0 citations
30
In-medium hyperon potentials and the quarkyonic hyperon onset: charged $Σ$ 's in $β$ -equilibrium and the neutrino connection
Jaroslaw Nowak🇬🇧
Quarkyonic matter resolves the neutron-star hyperon puzzle statistically: neutrons fill low-momentum $d$ -quark phase space, shifting the $S = - 1$ threshold from $\muB = M_{Y}$ to $2 M_{Y} - M_{N}$ and suppressing residual softening by $1/ \Nc^{3}$ in the Fujimoto--Kojo--McLerran (FKM) mechanism. We dress FKM's IdylliQ model with in-medium potentials, constrained by hypernuclear data and neutrino-induced hyperon FSI, and find: (i) the dressed onset, $\muB^{onset} = (2 M_{Y} - M_{N}) + 2 U_{Y} - \UN$ , carries $U_{Y}$ at weight 2, with $d n_{onset} / d U_{Y} ≃ 0.3 \nz$ per $10 \MeV$ , twice the leverage. (ii) A self-consistent neutron potential enters at weight $- 2$ , so protection needs $\UN (n_{onset}) ≲ + 96 \MeV$ . (iii) With leptons in $β$ equilibrium, the $Σ^{-}$ ( $dd s$ ) onset becomes $\mue \geq 258 \MeV + \US - \UN$ , never reached inside a $2 \Msun$ core: $Σ^{-}$ switches from first hyperon to forbidden and the $Σ$ ordering inverts. (iv) The $\kY \geq \kbu$ continuation gives TOV softening below $0.05 \Msun$ in the FKM ansatz family and below $0.025 \Msun$ for the realistic interacting star, $4$ -- $8$ below hadronic models. In the family this is a ceiling; generally it is a floor, since hyperons above $\kbu$ are omitted. (v) In an interacting low-density sector calibrated to $\Mmax = 2.12 \Msun$ , core strangeness is controlled by $(\UL (\nz), c_{Λ})$ : at $\UL (\nz) = - 28 \MeV$ , the maximum-mass star is hyperon-free once the supra-saturation $Y N N$ turn-over exceeds a few-MeV threshold $c_{Λ}^{*}$ . Projected SBND+DUNE FSI precision pins $\UL (\nz)$ but leaves $c_{Λ}$ -- to which neutrino data are blind -- decisive: with the heavy-ion prior, $P (hyperon \mbox - free core) = 0.90$ , versus $0.89$ from priors alone, prior-dominated rather than measured. The sharpest observable is differential: $d \Mmax / d U_{Y}$ is an order of magnitude smaller than in mean-field models, discriminating the two resolutions.
↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-exhep-ph0 citations
31
The significance of first post-adiabatic contributions for scalar charge measurements with intermediate and extreme mass ratio inspirals
Susanna Barsanti · Ollie Burke · Andrea Maselli🇮🇹 · Thomas P. Sotiriou🇬🇧 · Andrew Spiers · Niels Warburton
We present the first self-force-based beyond-GR waveform model incorporating post-adiabatic orbital evolution for intermediate- and extreme-mass-ratio inspirals in theories of gravity with additional scalar fields. Focusing on quasi-circular inspirals into a non-spinning primary, we combine a first post-adiabatic (1PA) gravitational sector with leading-order scalar field effects and use Bayesian injection-recovery studies to assess the impact of waveform systematics on the inference of scalar charges with LISA. We find that neglecting 1PA effects in the gravitational sector can bias the inference of intrinsic binary parameters, while scalar-charge measurements remain robust across a wide range of mass ratios. In contrast, analysing signals from binaries in which the secondary carries a scalar charge using pure-GR templates leads to significant biases and underestimated uncertainties due to unmodelled correlations between the scalar charge and the binary parameters. We also investigate the role of secondary spin and find no significant correlation between the secondary spin and the scalar charge. Notably, up to a mass ratio of $1 0^{- 4}$ , the secondary spin itself remains unconstrained even in the pure-GR case, in contrast with previous claims in the literature. Finally, we show that modelling scalar emission with a leading-order dipolar post-Newtonian approximation -- for quasi-circular inspirals into a non-spinning primary -- introduces negligible systematic errors relative to fully relativistic scalar fluxes.
↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-ph2 citations
32
Dynamics of Biased Domain Walls: The Rocket Effect
R. B. Vilhena🇵🇹 · P.P. Avelino🇵🇹 · C. dos Santos🇵🇹
We investigate the dynamics of domain walls in scalar field theories with degenerate vacua (i.e., vacua of equal energy density) in which the scalar field mass depends on the vacuum state. Using analytical arguments and numerical simulations, we show that this vacuum dependence of the scalar field mass renders the emission of scalar radiation from domain walls anisotropic, preferentially toward regions with smaller scalar field mass. We further show that the resulting recoil (rocket) effect biases the evolution of cosmological domain wall networks in favor of the lower-mass vacuum, thereby promoting network decay. We also demonstrate that the biased evolution of domain walls in theories with degenerate vacua, previously attributed to asymmetries of the potential barrier near the local maximum, is instead primarily controlled by the vacuum dependence of the scalar field mass. More generally, in theories with non-degenerate vacua, this recoil mechanism constitutes an additional source of dynamical bias that can either hasten or delay network decay relative to the standard expectation based solely on differences in vacuum energy density.
↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-th0 citations
33
Perusing confining pseudoreal theories: a story of emerging massless spin-1 bosons
Giacomo Cacciapaglia🇫🇷 · Konstantinos Kollias🇪🇸
Solving quantum field theory, which is at the basis of the standard model of particle interactions, is one of the main tasks of contemporary theoretical physics. Minimal asymptotically free pseudoreal theories, containing one or two species of massless Weyl fermions in pseudoreal representations of the gauge group, flow towards a poorly understood infrared dynamics. We provide a comprehensive study of all pseudoreal theories, identifying the ones that likely flow towards a conformal dynamics, while we show that the remaining ones confine with a non-trivial condensate dynamics. Among the latter, all but one one-species theories feature a massless spin-1 state. Instead, the only confining two-species theory likely features two massless spin-1 states and one Nambu-Goldstone boson. These predictions could be further tested, for instance by use of Lattice simulations, the functional renormalization group, and supersymmetric analogs.
↳ hep-thhep-lathep-ph1 citation

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