HEP Lattice·hep-lat

Thu·Jul 30, 2026Thursday·July 30, 2026

8 papers—3 primary·5 cross-listed

01
Neural quantum states for non-Abelian lattice gauge theories with dynamical fermions
Gabriel Rouxinol🇩🇪 · Julian Bender🇺🇸 · Michele Grossi🇨🇭 · Patrick Emonts🇩🇪 · Jad C. Halimeh🇩🇪
Determining the ground state of non-Abelian lattice gauge theories coupled to dynamical fermions is key to understanding confinement and the phase structure of gauge--matter systems. We present a variational Monte Carlo framework for the ground state of the untruncated fully-continuous SU $(2)$ lattice gauge theory coupled to dynamical staggered fermions on an $L \times L$ square lattice. We work in the magnetic basis with a neural-network representation of the gauge wavefunction. The fermions are described by a gauge-covariant Gaussian fermionic correction built on a fixed Néel reference state where, for each sampled gauge configuration $U$ , the correction is generated by a Hermitian operator. This operator is constructed from short Wilson lines and the eigenvectors of the mass--hopping Hamiltonian, with number of variational parameters polynomial in the system size. This Gaussian structure also gives analytical expressions for all fermionic contributions to the energy and related observables in terms of the fermion occupation matrix. The results are validated against strong-coupling perturbation theory, where they recover the expected effective antiferromagnetic spin Hamiltonian. Using this framework, we map a coarse ground state phase diagram in the plane of independent electric and magnetic couplings $(g^{2}, λ)$ and show that a hysteresis analysis can identify the existence of phase transitions. Restoring the physical relation $λ = 4/ g^{2}$ , we characterize how increasing the system size and changing the electric coupling $g^{2}$ move the state away from the reference Néel state, for lattice sizes $L = 4, 6, 8$ . More broadly, the method offers a sign-problem-free variational framework for continuous non-Abelian gauge groups with dynamical matter that should extend to other matter content and higher-dimensional lattices.
hep-latcond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.str-elhep-ph+11 citation
02
Quantum Phase Diagram of the $2 + 1$ D Untruncated SU $(2)$ Lattice Gauge Theory with Dynamical Fermions
Gabriel Rouxinol🇩🇪 · Julian Bender🇺🇸 · Patrick Emonts🇩🇪 · Michele Grossi🇨🇭 · Jad C. Halimeh🇩🇪
Non-Abelian gauge theories with dynamical matter govern the strong interaction and a broad class of strongly correlated quantum systems, yet their ground-state properties remain difficult to obtain from first principles. Using a continuous-group variational Monte Carlo approach that retains the full SU $(2)$ gauge field without truncation, we determine the ground-state behavior of the SU $(2)$ lattice gauge theory with staggered fermions on an $L \times L$ square lattice. Treating the magnetic and electric couplings $λ$ and $g^{2}$ independently, we find a magnetic-flux transition at $λ^{*} = - 0.040 \pm 0.005$ , with no resolvable drift of the transition point as the electric coupling is varied. Along the physical coupling line $λ = 4/ g^{2}$ , for $L = 4, 6, 8$ , we uncover a gauge-matter delocalization crossover from a flux-disordered regime at strong electric coupling to an ordered unity-flux regime at weak coupling. The chiral condensate, a gauge-invariant Wilson-line meson correlator, and the local color density consistently reveal the emergence of coherent gauge-assisted matter dynamics. Together, these results provide a unified physical picture of how magnetic-flux ordering and fermionic coherence develop in an untruncated non-Abelian lattice gauge theory.
hep-latcond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.str-elhep-ph+11 citation
03
Static Quark-Antiquark Interactions Under Rotation
Heng-Tong Ding🇨🇳 · Olaf Kaczmarek🇩🇪 · Ran Luo🇨🇳 · Hai-Tao Shu🇨🇳
We study static quark--antiquark interactions in rotating SU(3) gluodynamics using quenched lattice simulations at imaginary angular velocity. At zero temperature, we extract the static potential from Wilson loops for quark--antiquark pairs aligned with the rotation axis, for transverse pairs with one source on the rotation axis, and for symmetric transverse pairs across the rotation axis. Within the present accuracy, no significant rotation dependence or anisotropy is observed in the zero-temperature potential. At finite temperature, imaginary rotation suppresses the color-averaged free energies obtained from Polyakov-loop correlators in both longitudinal and transverse geometries. Axial-diagonal comparisons are used to identify a bulk region where open-boundary artifacts are reduced. In this region, the large-distance longitudinal free-energy shift is well described by $Δ F_{z} (R_{x y}) = A R_{x y}^{2} + B$ . The transverse channels exhibit the same qualitative suppression, while their distance dependence additionally reflects the radial arrangement of the static sources and is compatible with a radial single-source free-energy shift in the bulk region. For the finite-temperature observables studied above $T_{c}$ , the response weakens as the temperature is increased. These results provide lattice evidence for a position- and geometry-dependent response of bare static-source free energies to imaginary rotation in a gluonic medium.
hep-lathep-phhep-th1 citation
04
Ab initio lattice calculation of nuclear magnetic dipole moments with systematic error quantifications
Teng Wang🇨🇳 · Serdar Elhatisari🇹🇷 · Xu Feng🇨🇳 · Dean Lee🇺🇸 · Bing-Nan Lu🇨🇳 · Yuan-Zhuo Ma🇺🇸
Nuclear magnetic moments are sensitive probes of nuclear structure. However, their accurate quantitative description poses significant challenges, demanding both accurate nuclear and electromagnetic interactions as well as rigorous control of algorithmic uncertainties. Here, we present the first systematic calculation of magnetic dipole moments for selected light nuclei and aluminum isotopes within nuclear lattice effective field theory (NLEFT), an \textit{ab initio} framework applicable to medium-mass and heavy nuclei. Our calculations employ a lattice next-to-next-to-next-to-leading-order (N $^{3}$ LO) chiral interaction together with electromagnetic currents consistently derived up to the two-body level. To achieve controlled predictions, we incorporate recently developed NLEFT algorithms and perform a comprehensive assessment of algorithmic uncertainties. Within the estimated uncertainties, our results are in good overall agreement with experiment and demonstrate that two-body currents are essential for reproducing the observed magnetic moments. We further benchmark our predictions against other \textit{ab initio} calculations for light nuclei ( $A \leq 12$ ). Our work establishes a solid foundation for \textit{ab initio} studies of electroweak observables using methods that scale efficiently to medium-mass and heavy nuclei while demonstrating state-of-the-art accuracy.
↳ nucl-thhep-latnucl-ex1 citation
05
State preparation and detection for quantum simulation of particle collisions
Federica Maria Surace🇺🇸 · Sary Bseiso · John Preskill🇺🇸
Simulating the real-time dynamics of particle collisions is a promising application of quantum simulators, because classical methods such as tensor networks struggle to capture the highly entangled states generated in high-energy scattering. Realizing such simulations requires both the preparation of incoming wave packets and the detection of the outgoing scattering products. In this work, we propose protocols that address both challenges on programmable analog and digital quantum simulation platforms. Our state-preparation scheme uses a weakly coupled auxiliary qubit - or, more generally, a customized local quench - to inject a single quasiparticle with well-defined momentum. Because it relies only on conservation of energy, this scheme requires no fine-tuning or prior knowledge about particle eigenstates, making it robust against errors in calibration and implementation. The momenta of scattering products are then extracted, using only local measurements, from the interference pattern that arises when particles are reflected at the system's boundary. We validate our protocols through numerical simulations, first in a simple single-particle model and subsequently in two interacting many-body systems: a Rydberg atom chain and an Ising chain in a mixed field. We demonstrate how high-energy regimes, necessary to access inelastic scattering processes, can be reached through an adiabatic ramp, and how the wave packet shape can be optimized by spatially modulating the Hamiltonian. Finally, we show how the protocol can be generalized to systems with more than one spatial dimension. Our proposal provides a versatile approach to the quantum simulation of scattering phenomena, and is compatible with several quantum simulation platforms that are already experimentally available.
↳ quant-phcond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.stat-mechhep-lat1 citation
06
Role of flavor degrees of freedom in quantum simulations of disorder-free localization
Yizhuo Tian🇨🇳 · Jared Jeyaretnam🇬🇧 · Tanmay Bhore · Zlatko Papić🇬🇧 · Jad C. Halimeh🇩🇪
A recent \texttt{Google Quantum AI} experiment [\href{https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adr9680}{Gyawali \textit{et al.}, Science \textbf{393}, 71 (2026)}] has exploited quantum parallelism to emulate disorder-averaged many-body dynamics, with conserved local degrees of freedom generating an effective disorder potential. We investigate how the local spectrum of these static variables controls localization in a flavor-extended $Z_{2}$ lattice gauge theory, which maps onto a mixed-field Ising chain with $n$ -level bond disorder. Combining finite-size spectral and entanglement diagnostics with infinite matrix-product state dynamics, we find a qualitative distinction between binary and multilevel disorder. For $n = 2$ , apparent localization ultimately gives way to thermalization; the long-lived transient arises from energy-scale separation, degenerate spectral towers, and approximate Hilbert-space fragmentation. By contrast, $n = 4$ displays consistent localization signatures, including Poissonian level statistics, area-law eigenstate entanglement, nonthermal entanglement spectra, and persistent local memory over accessible times in the thermodynamic limit. Our results show that, despite its larger variance, binary disorder lacks the local amplitude diversity needed to suppress resonances. Thus, localization is governed not simply by disorder strength, but by the local disorder spectrum and the resulting resonant connectivity of the many-body Hilbert space.
↳ quant-phcond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.str-el+10 citations
07
Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics for Quantum Simulations
Luis Hidalgo🇺🇸 · Patrick Draper🇺🇸
We develop a framework for quantum simulations of lattice SU( $N_{c}$ ) gauge theory with quarks. Staggered and Wilson lattice fermions are considered in two and three spatial dimensions and a theta angle is included in three dimensions. The physical, gauge-invariant Hilbert space is formulated in a representation basis, where gauge and fermionic degrees of freedom are encoded by irreducible representations of SU( $N_{c}$ ) that tensor at each lattice site to contain a singlet. We discuss algorithms for simulating time evolution on quantum computers and carry out noiseless simulations of lattice quantum chromodynamics ( $N_{c} = 3$ ) on small lattices with up to 32 qubits, showcasing theta angle effects, hadronic states, string dynamics, and a baryon chemical potential for the first time in three spatial dimensions.
↳ quant-phhep-lat1 citation
08
Finite size scaling of bitstring probability distributions for Rydberg arrays
Zane Ozzello🇺🇸 · Avi Kaufman🇺🇸 · Yannick Meurice🇺🇸
We calculate the probabilities $p_{{n}}$ of the measured bitstrings ${n}$ for the vacuum of Rydberg ladders with $N_{q}$ atoms. As $N_{q}$ increases, the $p_{{n}}$ decrease but become more dense in the low $p$ region raising the possibility that their smallness could be compensated by their large number. The importance of the low probability states can be estimated from the cumulative probability distribution $Σ (p_{Λ}, N_{q})$ , which is the probability to observe any state having a probability $p \leq p_{Λ}$ . For not too large values of $p_{Λ}$ , it is possible to approximately collapse the $Σ (p_{Λ}, N_{q})$ for successive $N_{q}$ into a function resembling the Fermi function when plotted as a function of $- ln (p_{Λ})$ . We show that the number of shots necessary to reduce $Σ (p_{Λ}, N_{q})$ to some low enough value grows exponentially with $N_{q}$ . We discuss the implications for calculating observables associated with the vacuum.
↳ quant-phhep-lat0 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE